新疆野核桃自然保护区被子植物的生态结构分析  

Analysis of the ecological structure of angiosperm composition in Juglans cathayensis in the Nature Conservation Area of Xinjiang,China

作　　者：张维[1,2] 努尔买买提[1] 焦子伟[1] 杨允菲[2] 李建东[2] 

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范学院化学与生物科学学院,新疆伊宁835000 [2]东北师范大学草地科学研究所植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《草业学报》2015年第4期76-86,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160072);新疆教育厅普通高等学校重点实验室项目(2013YSHXYB07)资助

摘　　要：在新疆野核桃自然保护区所设的289个调查样方中,共有被子植物193种,隶属49个科,6个植株生长型,4个根系生长型,6个Raunkiaer生活型,5个水分生态类型和6个饲用价值类型。其中,菊科种类最多,占17.1%,其次禾本科和蔷薇科分别占11.4%和7.3%;植株生长型结构以直立型种类最多,占33.7%,其次丛生型和半莲座丛型分别为28.0%和14.5%;根系生长型结构以直根型种类最多,占69.9%,其次根茎型和刷状根型分别为19.7%和8.8%;生活型结构以地面芽植物最多,占33.2%,其次地下芽和一年生植物分别为23.3%和21.2%;水分生态类型结构以中生型种类最多,占73.1%,中旱生型次之,占10.9%;饲用价类型结构以优、良质量的种类最多,达到67.3%,劣质和有毒或不可食的种类仅占11.4%。保护区的被子植物组成具有温带植物群落的植株和根系的特点,及典型的温带地面芽植物气候和中生土壤水分条件特征,多数种类具有较高的饲用价值。289 sample quadrats of Juglans cathayensis were set up in the Nature Conservation Area in Xinjiang and the ecological structure of their angiosperm composition has been analyzed.The 193 species of angiosperm observed belong to 49 families,6 growth forms of plant,4 growth forms of root,6 life forms,5 ecological types of water and 6 forage value types.The most common species is Cornpositae （17.1%）,followed by Gra-mineae （11.4%）and Rosaceae （7.3%）.In terms of plant growth form,33.7% are of the erect type,28.0%the tuft type and 14.5% the half bottom of lotus seed type.With regard to root growth form,most species be-long to tap root type （69.9%）,followed by rhizome （19.7%）and brush root （8.8%）.Most angiosperm be-long to the hemicryptophyte life form （33.2%）,followed by geophyte （23.3%）and therophyte （21.2%）. Mesophyte are the most common ecological type of water （73.1%）,followed by xerophytic （10.9%）.In terms of forage value,excellent and good quality species predominate （67.3%）,with coarse,poisonous and in-edible types making up only 11.4%.This study shows that in the Nature Conservation Area of J .cathayensis , plants and roots take on the typical hemicryptophytic and xerophytic characteristics of a temperate plant com-munity and most species possess high forage value.

关 键 词：被子植物 生长型 生活型 水分生态类型 饲用价值类型 结构型谱 野核桃自然保护区 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]