增速传动系统齿轮拍击振动特性研究  

Vibration characteristics of gear rattling in speed increasing transmission system

作　　者：沈岗[1] 向东[1] 牟鹏[1] 杨为[2] 赵强[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2015年第7期76-80,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51275258)

摘　　要：齿轮的拍击振动效应是增速传动系统复杂动力学特性的重要表征,研究内外部激励对拍击振动的影响,对进一步阐述拍击振动规律具有重要意义。通过搭建一级增速齿轮传动试验台,采用光电编码器和NI数据采集系统对主动轮和从动轮转速脉冲进行测量和采集,分析主动轮与从动轮的弧长差曲线和转速差曲线,验证了增速传动下的齿轮拍击效应。然后针对不同齿侧间隙与不同转速等试验条件,开展系列化的拍击振动特性研究。分析发现:不同试验条件下的弧长差包络线均呈正弦波动趋势,且其变化幅值随着转速升高而出现缩小的趋势,而弧长差中心线位置的规律性不明显,与齿侧间隙、主动轮转速无关,仅与齿轮副初始位置相关;当拍击效应发生时,随着转速升高,拍击位置具有从齿向往齿背靠近的趋势;随着啮合轮齿间的侧隙增大,相应的拍击门槛转速降低,更易出现拍击振动现象。Gear rattling is an important symbol of complex dynamic characteristics under the condition of speed increasing transmission. Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the influences of internal and external incentives on rattling and to further elaborate rattling vibration characteristics. A speed increasing test-bed was set up using photoelectric encoder and NI DAS to collect rotating speed pulses. Furthermore, gear rattling phenomenon was verified by analyzing the arc length difference and rotating speed difference between meshing gears. On this basis, a series of rattling experiments were conducted under different initial conditions such as different backlash values and different rotating speeds. The results show the envelope curve of arc length difference is in the form of a sine wave, and its variation amplitude has a narrowing trend with the speed increasing Moreover, rattling position has the trend to move from m , and its central positionis only related to gears＇ initial position. eshing surface to opposite surface with the increase of rotating speed when rattling phenomenon appears. In addition, with the increase of backlash, the corresponding rattling threshold value reduces, namely, rattling phenomenon is easier to appear.

关 键 词：拍击 振动特性 弧长差 侧隙 门槛值 

分 类 号：TH132[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH113