尿钙结石患者和健康人群饮食及尿液成石风险因素的对比  

Dietary and urinary risk factors for stones in idiopathic calcium stone formers compared with healthy subjects

作　　者：葛广成[1] 李中兴[1] 冯瑞[1] 吴丹[1] 沈斌[1] 王星[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省镇江市第二人民医院泌尿外科,江苏镇江212000

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2015年第5期419-422,共4页Ningxia Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的评估比较特发性肾结石患者和健康人群的饮食习惯以及成石尿液风险因素。方法选取108例肾结石患者和210例健康成人,评估比较其饮食习惯及形成石的尿液风险因素。所有受试者均在1年时间内完成。通过调查问卷,了解受试者的饮食习惯和个人特征,并对受试者进行尿生化等检查。结果肾结石患者中,有结石家族史的患者较健康成人者多,分别为42.9%、17.6%。肾结石患者的体质量较健康成人重,分别为76.8 kg、72.8 kg。肾结石患者钙摄入量较健康人少,分别为(794.8±294.1)mg、(943.6±345.4)mg。尿生化检查结果显示,肾结石患者的钙和草酸排量、尿素氮和尿素含量均较高。在肾结石患者和健康受试者中,尿钙和尿素的相关性均很明显,但是在肾结石患者中更加明显。尿钙和尿钠只在健康受试者中有存在相关性。结论肾结石患者和健康人群的主要统计学差异表现在结石家族史、高体质量、日常低钙摄入和较高的草酸钙排,这些结果揭示了基因和饮食营养因素在肾结石发病机制中存在联合作用。Objective To assess the comparative idiopathic kidney stone patients and healthy individuals eating habits and risk factors for kidney stones urine. Methods 108 patients with kidney stones and 210 healthy adults were recruited;and assessed and compared their eating habits to form kidney stones risk factors. All subjects were recruited completed within one year＇s time. The subjects eating habits and personal characteristics,and the subjects of urinary biochemical tests were investigated. Results In patients with kidney stones,who has a family history were more than healthy adults,42. 9% vs. 17. 6%. Kidney stones in patients with higher body weight,76. 8 kg vs. 72. 8 kg. Kidney stones in patients with low calcium intake,（ 794. 8 ± 294. 1） mg vs.（ 943. 6 ± 345. 4） mg. Urinary biochemical tests showed that patients with calcium oxalate kidney stones significantly higher displacement. The patients with kidney stones were higher in urea. In healthy subjects and patients with kidney stones,urinary calcium and urea were the correlation was obvious,but it was more obviously in patients with kidney stones. Urinary calcium and urinary sodium had correlation in healthy subjects.Conclusion Patients with kidney stones and healthy populations has statistical difference manifested in family history of stones,high weight,low calcium intake and higher daily calcium oxalate exclusion. These results reveal the genetic and dietary nutritional factors present in the pathogenesis of kidney stones combined effects.

关 键 词：钙摄入 结石成分 饮食习惯 高钙尿 低枸橼酸尿 高草酸尿症 

分 类 号：R691.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]