北京中轴线的文化空间格局及其重构  

The Structure of Cultural Regions and the Reconstruction of Beijing City's Axis

作　　者：张宝秀[1] 张妙弟[1] 李欣雅[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学北京学研究所,北京100101 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第2期17-23,51,共8页Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学"十二五"规划重点项目"北京城中轴线保护研究"(项目编号:11LSA001);北京市属高等学校高层次人才引进与培养计划项目"北京历史文化遗产空间重构与城市文化建设研究"(项目编号:CIT&TCD20140313)

摘　　要：北京中轴线是一条从南到北直穿北京旧城、全长7.8千米、分布有多处大小节点的线性文化遗产。明清时期,体现皇权至上核心价值的北京中轴线,包括南、中、北三段,空间结构上可以分为16个单元,形成了四类主要文化空间:皇权政治空间、安全防御空间、祭祀礼仪空间和商业民俗空间。现今北京中轴线的空间格局可以分为15个单元,包括四类主要文化空间:政治文化广场、博物馆文化宫、城市人民公园、商业休闲空间,充分体现了由为封建帝王服务向为人民服务的彻底转变。北京中轴线的空间结构、标志节点、使用功能和文化内涵不断发生变化,是其文化空间不断重构的过程。Beijing City＇ s Axis, starting from the south to the north through the old city of Beijing, is a linear legacy, with a length of 7.8 kilometers and distributions of various sizes of nodes. During the time of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Beijing City＇ s Axis, which reflected the supreme imperial power of the core value, consisted of three parts including the south axis, the middle axis and the north axis. At that time, the spatial structure of Beijing City＇ s Axis can be divided into sixteen units, forming four kinds of cultural regions including imperial power political region, security defense region, sacrificial rites region and commercial folk region. Nowadays, the spatial structure of Beijing City＇ s Axis can be divided into fifteen units with four types of cultural regions including political and cultural square, museum and cultural palace, people＇ s park and commercial leisure space, which fully refleets the complete change from serving the feudal emperors to serving the people. The continuous changes of spatial structure, symbol of the nodes, service function and cultural connotation contribute to the process of the constant reconstruction of the cultural regions of Beijing City＇ s Axis.

关 键 词：中轴线 文化空间 重构 文化遗产 中国建筑 

分 类 号：TU984.21[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]