北方麦区小麦品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及其与品质性状的关系  

High molecular weight gluten subunit( HMW-GS) composition of wheat cultivars in northern region and its relationship with quality traits

作　　者：杨丹[1] 姚金保[1] 杨学明[1] 周淼平[1] 马鸿翔[1] 王亚松[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院江苏省农业生物学重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏红旗种业股份有限公司,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2015年第2期241-246,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部小麦现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-03);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(12)2026];江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2013439)

摘　　要：为了解北方麦区小麦品种的遗传多样性,挖掘可供利用的优异高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)类型,为品质改良提供基础材料,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法(SDS-PAGE),分析了172份北方麦区部分小麦品种的HMW-GS组成,并对其与蛋白质含量和沉降值之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明:Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1分别具有3种、6种和3种不同的亚基类型。亚基1、7+9和5+10在各自位点上出现的频率最高,分别达到了54.07%、48.26%和49.42%。3个位点亚基对蛋白质含量的效应可分别表示为:1≥2*>Null,13+16≥14+15≥17+18≥7+8>7+9>6+8,5+10>2+12>4+12;对沉降值的作用可分别表示为:2*≥1>Null,14+15≥17+18>7+8≥13+16>7+9>6+8,5+10>2+12>4+12。亚基组成类型共有24种,在蛋白质含量水平上,亚基组成1/14+15/5+10、1/14+15/2+12、1/7+8/5+10、1/17+18/5+10和1/7+9/5+10相对较高;在沉降值水平上,亚基组成1/14+15/5+10、1/17+18/5+10、1/7+8/5+10、2*/7+9/5+10和1/14+15/2+12相对较高。综上所述,在24种亚基组成类型中没有发现明显优势的组合类型,优质亚基2*、17+18和14+15出现的频率较低。江苏省中筋和弱筋小麦品种选育,应结合蛋白质含量、沉降值和亚基组成进行改良。To figure out the genetic diversity of wheat cultivar（variety） from the northern region in China and provide the basic materials for wheat quality improvement, 172 accessions of wheat cultivar （variety） were analyzed by SDS-PAGE to reveal the alleles variance of high molecular weight gluten subunits （HWM-GS） and the relationship with protein content and sedimentation value. There were 12 alleles on Glu-1, 3 alleles on Glu-A1, 6 alleles on Glu-B1, and 3 alleles on Glu-D1. The frequencies of 1, 7＋9, 5＋10 alleles were the highest on Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1, being 54. 07%, 48. 26%, 49, 42%, respectively. The effects of HMW-GS on three loci on protein content were presented as 1 ≥2 ＊ 〉Null, 13＋ 16 ≥ 14＋ 15 1〉 17＋18 ≥7＋8〉7＋9〉6＋8, 5＋ 10〉2＋12〉4＋12, and were listed in the or- der 2 ＊ ≥ 1 〉Null, 14＋15 ≥ 17＋18〉7＋8 ≥13＋ 16〉7＋9〉6＋8, 5＋10〉2＋12〉4＋ 12 on sedimentation value. The protein contents with the subunit combinations of 1/14＋ 15/5 ＋ 10, 1/14＋ 15/2＋ 12, 1/7＋8/5 ＋ 10, 1/17＋ 18/5 ＋ 10 and 1/7＋9/5 ＋ 10 were higher. The sedimentation value were higher in the HMW-GS compositions of 1/14＋15/5＋10, 1/17＋18/5＋10, 1/7＋ 8/5＋10, 2＊/7＋9/5＋10 and 1/14＋15/2＋12. No combination outperformed in quality traits among 24 types of subunit compositions, and high quality subunits 2 ＊ , 17 ＋ 18 and 14 ＋ 15 were rare in the tested varieties. The quality traits, such as protein content, sedimentation value, and high quality subunits, need to be taken into consideration in middle and weak gluten wheat variety improvement in Jiangsu province.

关 键 词：小麦 高分子量谷蛋白亚基 蛋白质含量 沉降值 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]