斑点叉尾对全植物蛋白饲料的胃排空及消化道内容物特性研究  

Patterns of gastric evacuation and digesta characteristics in the gastrointestinal tract of channel catfish( Ictalurus punctatus)when fed plant protein based diet

作　　者：朱伟星[1] 华雪铭[1] 钟国防[1] 税春 雎敏[1] 王坛[1] 王刚[1] 陈晓明[1] 吴钊[1] 孔纯 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业部水产种质资源与利用重点开放实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2015年第4期529-538,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家海洋可再生能源专项资金项目(SHME2011SW02);上海高校知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心(ZF1206);上海海洋大学优秀研究生论文培育计划

摘　　要：为研究斑点叉尾[体质量（115.55±7.54）g]对全植物蛋白饲料的胃排空,实验比较了3种常用数学模型对其排空曲线的拟合程度,同时探究了摄食过程中消化道内容物的水分、p H和消化酶的变化规律。结果发现,3种数学模型均可较好地描述斑点叉尾胃排空曲线,平方根模型最适于定量描述,指数模型次之,线性模型较差。根据平方根模型分别计算得到斑点叉尾胃50%排空时间为12.8 h（以干重计）,完全排空约36 h。在摄食后0-36 h内,内容物水分含量在后肠保持不变,在胃部呈缓慢上升趋势,而在前肠和中肠则呈先上升后下降趋势。消化道各段内容物p H在摄食后3 h内均显著下降,3-30 h间总体保持平稳状态,在30 h后又呈显著上升趋势。消化道各段蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶比活力在摄食3 h内显著上升,并在3-30 h内保持相对稳定水平,摄食30 h后呈显著下降趋势。整个摄食过程中,消化道各段消化酶比活力大小依次为前肠〉中肠〉后肠〉胃。研究表明,斑点叉尾在摄食过程中,消化道各段内容物的水分、pH和消化酶比活力均随时间呈现相应的规律性变化。而这些内环境参数的相互作用,综合影响了特定胃排空时间的形成。The present experiment was conducted to investigate gastric evacuation rates, change of digesta moisture content, pH values and digestive enzyme specific activity along the gastrointestinal tract of channel catfish [ body weight（ 115.55 ±7.54）g ]fed plant protein based diet. Three kinds of models used to fit the gastric evacuation were compared. The results showed that：all of these three kinds of models could fit the experimental data quite well, and the square root model was the best, followed by the exponential model and the linear model. The asymptotic level of 50% and 98% gastrointestinal evacuation calculated by the square root model（dry weight basis）apparently reached at 12.8 h and 36 h, respectively. Digesta moisture in the stomach showed a slow increasing trend,the upper intestine and middle intestine showed an increasing trend after the fall, while no changes were found in the lower intestine. The pH values in each part of the gastrointestinal tract decreased significantly within 3 h after feeding （ P 〈 0.05 ）, no remarkable changes were found（P 〉0.05）from 3 to 30 h after feeding, while a noteworthy increasing level, recovering or drawing near the initial level was observed in intestine, within 30 - 36 h after feeding （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The digestive enzyme activity had a significant increase within 3 h （ P 〈 0.05 ） and kept at a stable level within 3 - 30 h, while had a significant decrease（P 〈 0.05） 30 h after feeding. The digestive enzyme specific activity varied in different gastrointestinal sections, and ranged as upper intestine 〉 middle intestine 〉 lower intestine 〉 stomach. In summary： In this study the digesta moisture, pH value and digestive enzyme along the gastrointestinal tract of channel catfish showed a regular change after feeding,and gastric evacuation pattern was affected by the interaction of these factors.

关 键 词：斑点叉尾鮰 胃排空 数学模型 内容物 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]