不同年龄段急性创伤患者的临床特征分析  

Clinical characteristics of acute trauma patients of various ages

作　　者：刘华[1,2] 李兵[1,2] 阮海林[1,2] 杨家有[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第四附属医院 [2]柳州市工人医院急诊科,柳州市545005

出　　处：《广西医学》2015年第3期372-374,共3页Guangxi Medical Journal

基　　金：卫生部公益性行业科研专项资助(201002014);广西医药卫生科研课题(Z2012527)

摘　　要：目的分析急诊收住院不同年龄段创伤患者的流行病学特征,为创伤的预防和救治提供科学依据。方法急性创伤患者4 096例,参照世界卫生组织年龄分类标准分为4个年龄组,未成年组437例,青年组1 948例,中年组906例,老年组805例,将各组资料录入《创伤数据库系统V3.0版》,分析不同年龄组性别、受伤时间、受伤部位、受伤严重程度、病死率等方面的流行病学特征。结果 (1)创伤患者中,男性多于女性,男∶女=2.58∶1;(2)未成年组、青年组、中年组的首要致伤原因是交通事故伤,老年组主要致伤原因是跌倒/坠落伤,青年组主要致伤原因是钝器伤、锐器伤。(3)未成年组、青年组、中年组首要致伤部位均为多发伤,而老年组为下肢损伤;(4)老年组病死率高于其他年龄组。结论创伤患者中不同年龄段的性别构成、致伤原因、致伤部位不同,针对这些特点开展创伤安全教育并采取有效防治措施,可降低创伤伤害。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized patients with acute trauma of various ages, aiming at providing the scientific basis for trauma prevention and treatment. Methods 4 096 acute trauma patients were divided into four various ages groups according to the WHO age classification standard,including 437 underage cases, 1 948 young cases ,906 middle-aged cases and 805 senile cases. The data of all groups were input to the China Trauma Database V3.0, and the analysis on the epidemiological characteristics such as gender, injury time, injury parts, injury severity, mortality and so on was conducted among various ages groups. Results （1） The male cases were more than the female cases among trauma patients, with the proportion of 2.58 ： 1. （2） Traffic injury was the leading cause of trauma injury in the underage, young and middle-aged groups. The primary cause of trauma injury was fall injury in senile group, while in the young group were blunt injury and cutting injury. （3） The injury parts in the underage, young and middle-aged groups gave priority to multiple trauma, while the leading injury part in the senile group was lower limb injury. （4） The mortality in the senile group was higher than those in the other three groups. Conclusion The trauma patients at various ages have different gender proportions, different causes of injury and different injury parts. Thereby, trauma safety education and prevention-control measures based on these characteristics should be carried out to effectively reduce the number and severity of the trauma.

关 键 词：急性创伤 流行病学 年龄特点 

分 类 号：R641[医药卫生—外科学]