变幅载荷下隔振器橡胶材料裂纹扩展试验及建模方法  

Fatigue Crack Growth Experiment and Modeling for Rubbers Used in Isolators under Variable Amplitude Loads

作　　者：上官文斌[1] 王小莉[1,2] 段小成[1,3] 刘国兵[4] 阎礁[4] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510640 [2]广东技术师范学院汽车学院,广州510665 [3]宁波拓普集团股份有限公司,宁波315800 [4]泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司,上海201201

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第8期50-58,共9页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51275175);汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室开放基金(20130103);广东省自然科学基金(2014A030310125)资助项目

摘　　要：利用带单边缺口的纯剪试件,进行变幅疲劳载荷下隔振器橡胶材料的裂纹扩展试验。由于实测裂纹扩展长度存在波动,无法采用传统的割线法或七点多项式法来处理实测数据。为了解决传统方法的不足,利用幂函数来表征实测的裂纹扩展长度与循环次数的关系,进而确定隔振器橡胶材料的裂纹扩展速率及其裂纹扩展模型。基于建立的裂纹扩展模型,推导适用于哑铃试片的疲劳寿命预测模型。试制该型橡胶哑铃试片,并测试其疲劳寿命。通过对比哑铃试片实测寿命与预测寿命,验证变幅载荷下隔振器橡胶材料裂纹扩展模型的有效性。The fatigue crack growth（FCG） experiment and modeling method for rubbers used in isolators under variable amplitude loadings are carried out using an edge-crack pure shear specimen. The commonly used data processing techniques for getting the crack growth rate（crank length versus number of cycles） in metal materials, the secant method or the local incremental polynomial method, are not applicable for computing the crack growth rate of rubber materials. A power function is proposed to fit the measured crack growth length and number of cycles using the least-squares technique to avoid the deficiencies of the conventional data processing methods. The crack growth rate is then calculated from the determined power function, so as to establish a FCG prediction model for the rubber used in isolators. A dumbbell specimen made of the same rubber compound as the pure shear specimen is then manufactured and is used to carry out the tensional fatigue experiment. The comparisons between the measured tensional fatigue life of the dumbbell specimen and that evaluated from the established FCG model validates the proposed data processing method for FCG data of rubbers used in isolators under variable amplitude loads.

关 键 词：隔振器 橡胶材料 疲劳裂纹扩展特性 试验 建模 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程] U465[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]