页岩储层孔隙特征与结构的观察研究  

Observation of pores' characteristics and structure in shale reservoir

作　　者：赵迪斐[1,2] 贺明康[1] 张闯辉 李艳芳[3] 解徳录 仇涛[1] 郭英海[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221008 [3]兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2015年第2期99-104,共6页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(No.2012CB214702);煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室(中国矿业大学)开放基金资助项目(编号:2015-007);中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院科研训练项目(No.2013ZYXS07);中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院科研训练项目(No.2013ZYXS20);中国矿业大学大学生创新训练自拟项目(No.X10290127)

摘　　要：页岩气储层孔隙特征与微观结构对页岩气勘探开发具有重要意义。以五峰组、龙马溪组样品为例,使用常规扫描电镜、氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜对孔隙特征、微观结构进行观测,识别出多种成因-形貌孔隙类型,对储层孔隙特征进行了刻画,认为页岩储层孔隙主体处于纳米级别,孔隙形态复杂,类型多样,微裂隙发育;微米级的孔隙与微观结构可以由常规扫描电镜直接观测,而氩离子抛光蚀刻处理有利于纳米级孔隙的定性观测。分析对比了常规扫描电镜、氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜试验方法的优势与不足,提出将定性与定量研究手段相综合,在利用扫描电镜系统观测页岩储层孔隙结构的基础上,结合使用高压压汞、气体吸附等定量化方法可以全面描述页岩孔隙特征,是目前对页岩储层孔隙特征进行综合表征的最佳手段。The characteristics and microstructure of pores in shale gas reservoir are valuable for shale gas exploration and development. The characteristics of pores and microstructures of Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation were observed by using conventional＆nbsp;scanning electron microscopy and argon ion polishing-field emission scanning electron microscopy. A variety of pores were identified and the reservoir pore characteristics were described. The results show that the main body of shale reservoir pores are at nanoscale, the configuration of pores are complex and in different types, and micro-fractures develop. The porosity in the micron grade and the microstructure can be observed directly by the conventional scanning electron microscopy. Argon ion etching polishing to the samples is advantageous to the observation of the pore at nanoscale. The advantages and disadvantages of scanning electron microscopy and argon ion polishing-field emission scanning electron microscopy test method were discussed. To get a comprehensive description of the shale pore features, the qualitative and quantitative researches can be implemented by using quantitative methods like high pressure mercury injection and gas adsorption on the basis of scanning electron microscopy.

关 键 词：页岩 纳米孔 结构特征 扫描电镜 氩离子抛光 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] TG115.215.3[天文地球—地质学]