OMI遥感珠三角城市群NO_2的时空分布特征及人类活动影响分析  

SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NO_2 IN CONCENTRATED PRD URBAN DISTRICTS AND ANALYSIS OF ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCES BASED ON OMI REMOTE SENSING DATA

作　　者：刘显通[1] 郑腾飞[1] 万齐林[1] 谭浩波[1] 邓雪娇[1] 李菲[1] 邓涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所/广东省区域数值天气预报重点实验室,广东广州510080

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2015年第2期193-201,共9页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306042);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(S2013040015704);广东省科技计划项目(2011A032100006;2012A061400012);广州市科技计划项目(2014J4100021);广东省气象局气象科技项目(2013A01;2013Q01);广东省气象局科技创新团队计划(201103)共同资助

摘　　要：基于2005—2013年臭氧监测仪(OMI)遥感反演对流层NO2垂直柱浓度资料,分析珠江三角洲地区(简称珠三角)城市群及其相邻区域NO2的时空分布特征及变化趋势,并探究人类活动对NO2的影响。与地面观测数据对比检验显示,OMI遥感NO2资料可靠性较高。研究发现,珠三角城市地区由于工业生产活跃、汽车拥有量高、能源和电力消费量大,相应的化石能源消耗量大,这导致该地区对流层NO2柱浓度平均值(7.4×1015molec/cm2)约为相邻地区的3倍。与此同时,珠三角地区NO2高污染区域连成一片,城市群效应显著。正弦模型能较好地拟合珠三角及相邻地区NO2的周期性变化特征,NO2浓度高值均出现在冬季,低值出现在夏季。近9年珠三角地区NO2浓度呈下降趋势,与其第二产业产值和汽车拥有量呈较显著的负相关,这表明珠三角地区对氮氧化物排放的治理初见成效。粤东和粤北地区NO2浓度增长趋势显著,与第二产业产值和汽车拥有量存在较好的正相关性,可见工业排放和汽车尾气是这些地区NO2的重要污染源。粤西地区NO2浓度基本不变。Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and variation trends of tropospheric NO2 in concentrated Pearl River Delta （PRD） urban districts and its adjacent areas from 2005 to 2013 were analyzed based on remote sensing data from ozone monitoring instrument （OMI） satellite, and the impact of human activities on NO2 was further explored. Compared with the ground observation data, the OMI-remotely sensed NO2 data displayed high reliability. Due to active industrial production, high car ownership, great energy and power consumption, the average tropospheric NO2 concentration （7.4×10^15molec/cm2） of PRD region is about 3 times that of the adjacent areas. At the same time, the regional high pollution of NO2 in PRD as a whole, the concentrated urban effect is remarkable. A sinusoidal model can well fit the periodic variation of the NO2 in PRD and adjacent areas. NO2 concentration was highest in winter while lowest in summer. The concentration of NO2 in PRD region is decreasing in the past 9 years, which has a significantly negative correlation with the second industrial output and car ownership. This suggests that the nitrogen oxide emissions governance in PRD region has achieved initial results. The concentration of NO2 increases significantly in the eastern and northern Guangdong province and is much positively correlated with the second industrial outputs and car ownerships. It is thus clear that industrial emissions and automobile exhausts are important sources of NO2 in these regions. The concentration of NO2 in western Guangdong area is stable.

关 键 词：珠三角城市群 NO2 时空分布 人类活动影响 OMI 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]