平衡运动对阿尔茨海默病认知功能影响的对照研究  

Balance exercise influence on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease control study

作　　者：杜远[1] 徐小童[1] 王莹[1] 朱春燕[2] 孔晓明[1] 吴晓平[1] 王玉梅[1] 陈龙[1] 张许来[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省精神卫生中心(合肥市第四人民医院)老年心理科,合肥230022 [2]安徽医科大学应用心理学系,合肥230032

出　　处：《安徽医科大学学报》2015年第5期661-664,共4页Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

基　　金：合肥市科技局立项项目(编号:合科[2010]160);国家自然科学基金青年基金(编号:31100812)

摘　　要：目的探讨系统多元化平衡运动对阿尔茨海默病患者认知功能的影响。方法入组阿尔茨海默病(AD)样本(n=50)分为干预组(n=24)和对照组(n=26)。干预项目分为同时提高平衡、正性认知能力,参加者每周训练3次,每一阶段1 h,共24周,对照组在相同时间内不参加任何训练。检查认知功能用蒙特利尔认知评定量表、画钟实验、Be Hery正性评定量表、符号寻找子测验。机体体能用定时上下试验:30秒的坐下和起立实验,坐下和指鼻实验,Berg功能平衡量表。结果干预组在正性认知功能中有了显著的提高(P<0.01),在蒙特利尔认知评估中,干预组得分更高(P<0.01),尤其在注意、定向、抽象思维能力及语言表达方面改善明显。在画钟实验方面也较对照组有明显提高(P<0.01)。干预组在平衡控制方面表现失衡减少,而对照组表现失衡增加,两组间干预前后比较,干预组出现失衡概率明显减少(P=0.04)。结论与对照组相比,受干预者认知功能改善,具有更好的身体平衡能力和更强的体能。Objective To explore the effects of a systematized multimodal exercise intervention program on frontal cognitive function of individuals with Alzheimers Disease （AD）. Methods Samples of older adults with AD （n =50） were assigned to a training （n = 24） and a control （n = 26） group. The intervention program was evaluated with the degree of simultaneously promoting better balance and frontal cognitive capacity. The participants received an 1-hour session three times a week for 24 weeks, whereas the control group did not participate in any activity dur-ing the same period. Frontal cognitive function was assessed by using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment（MCoA）, the Frontal Assessment Battery（FAB）, Clock Drawing Test （CDT） and the Symbol Search Subtest. Functional ca-pacity components were analyzed by using the Timed Up and Go Test, the 30-second sit-to-stand test, the sit-and-reach test, and the Berg Functional Balance Scale. Results Intervention group participants showed a significant increase in frontal cognitive function in MCoA （P 〈 0. 01）, intervention group participants got more scores, espe-cially improvement in attention, orientation abstraction and language expression, intervention group participants showed a significant increase in CDT as well. Intervention group participants showed less body sway in postural bal-ance, however, controls showed more body sway. The intervention group participants’ imbalance chance decreased significantly, comparing with the two groups before and after intervention （P = 0. 04）. Conclusion Intervention participants have better postural balance and greater functional capacity than the controls.

关 键 词：认知功能 平衡控制 双重任务 阿尔茨海默病 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R875[医药卫生—临床医学]