女性围产期抑郁动态观察及相关因素研究  

Dynamic observation of female perinatal depression and study on the related factors

作　　者：张柳[1] 李玉红[1] 步仰高[2] 管红[2] 廖培培 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学护理学院,安徽合肥230022 [2]中国人民解放军第105医院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2015年第15期2393-2397,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：高校省级自然科学研究项目〔KJ2010B393〕

摘　　要：目的:观察女性围产期抑郁情绪动态变化及探讨女性孕期压力水平、应对方式与围产期抑郁的相关性。方法:采用便利抽样法选取在合肥市某三甲医院门诊孕期检查的162例孕妇为调查对象,运用妊娠压力量表(PPS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)评估孕期压力水平和孕妇应对压力的方式,运用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评估孕期、产后的抑郁情绪。结果:孕产妇孕期抑郁、产后抑郁的发生率分别为47.53%(77/162)、48.77%(79/162);纵向追踪发现,孕期77例抑郁女性中,在产后有24例女性(31.17%)转为非抑郁;孕期85例非抑郁女性中,在产后有26例女性(30.59%)转为抑郁。其次,妊娠晚期孕妇妊娠总体压力为轻度水平[中位数(M)=1.57]。孕妇应对方式总分(1.57±0.03)分,积极应对方式评分为(1.93±0.04)分,消极应对方式评分为(1.03±0.03)分。与常模比较,其中,积极应对方式评分比常模评分高,差异有统计学意义(t=1.96,P<0.01)。孕妇孕期抑郁情绪与妊娠压力总分、各压力因子得分呈正相关,与应对方式总分、积极应对分值呈负相关。产妇产后抑郁情绪与妊娠压力总分、各压力因子得分呈正相关,与积极应对分值呈负相关。多元逐步回归分析显示,孕期抑郁情绪是产后抑郁的危险因素,家庭关系是产后抑郁情绪的保护因素。结论:在产前对孕妇做好心理健康水平的筛查和干预,对于产后抑郁的预防有着重要意义。Objective： To observe the dynamic change of female perinatal depression, explore the correlation between female pres- sure level during pregnancy, coping styles and perinatal depression. Methods：Convenience sampling method was used to select 162 pregnant women receiving pregnant examination in outpatient of a three-level hospital in Hefei city as respondents, Pregnancy Pressure Scale （PPS） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ） were used to evaluate female pressure level and coping styles, Edinburgh Postnatal De- pression Scale （EPDS） was used to evaluate depression during and after pregnancy. Results：The incidence rates of depression during and af- ter pregnancy were 47.53% （77/162） and 48.77% （79/162）, respectively; longitudinal study showed that depression disappeared in 24 women （31.17%） after delivery among 77 women with depression during depression; depression occurred in 26 women （30.59% ） among 85 women without depression during depression. The pressure level of late pregnant women was mild, the median was 1.57. The total score of coping styles was （ 1.57±0. 03）, the scores of active coping styles and passive coping styles were （ 1.93±0. 04） and （ 1.03±0. 03）, re- spectively; compared with norm, the score of active coping styles was higher, there was statistically significant difference （t = 1. 96, P〈 0. 01 ）. Depression during pregnancy was positively correlated with the total score of pressure level and the scores of all the factors; depres- sion during pregnancy was negatively correlated with the total score of pressure level and the score of active coping styles. Depression after delivery was positively correlated with the total score of pressure level and the scores of all the tactors ; depression after delivery was negatively correlated with the score of active coping styles. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that depression during pregnancy was the risk factor for postpartum depression, while family relationship was the pro

关 键 词：妊娠压力 应对方式 孕期抑郁 产后抑郁 纵向研究 

分 类 号：R749.41[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]