热应激对虹鳟部分非特异性免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Heat Stress on Some Non-specific Immunity Parameters in Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

作　　者：王艳妮[1] 刘哲[1] 康玉军[1] 李珍[1] 施海娜[1] 张久盘 王建福[1] 蒋丽[2] 黄进强[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2015年第5期634-642,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(No.31460687);甘肃省高等学校基本科研业务费(2013年)

摘　　要：高温是虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)养殖环节中最重要的威胁。为探讨热应激及恢复对虹鳟非特异性免疫指标的影响,本研究选取平均体重约350 g的虹鳟,分别在应激前(18℃,0 h)、25℃热应激(2、4、8和12 h)及18℃热应激恢复(heat stress recovery,HSR)6 h,随机取5尾鱼采样,测定部分非特异性免疫指标。结果发现,热应激下,脾脏呼吸爆发(respiratory burst,RB)在应激8和12 h显著增强(P<0.05);超氧化物歧化酶活性(superoxide dismutase,SOD)持续上升(P<0.05);丙二醛含量(malondialdehyde,MDA)在应激4和12 h显著升高(P<0.05);补体3含量(complement 3,C3)在应激2和12 h显著升高(P<0.05);碱性磷酸酶活性(alkaline phosphatase,AKP)在应激2、8和12 h显著升高(P<0.05);乳酸脱氢酶活性(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)在应激8 h显著降低(P<0.05);皮质醇(cortisol,COR)和儿茶酚胺(catecholamine,CA)含量均在8 h达到最大值(P<0.05)。热应激恢复后,SOD和COR有所降低,但仍显著高于应激前(P<0.05);RB和AKP仍保持较高水平,且高于应激前(P<0.05);C3、MDA、CA和LDH基本恢复到应激前水平(P>0.05)。上述结果表明,25℃热应激对虹鳟非特异性免疫指标有显著影响,导致鱼体出现了炎症反应,并造成细胞损伤;而恢复至适温后,鱼体机能可能逐渐恢复正常;同时热应激2 h后逐渐出现死亡现象,表明25℃已接近虹鳟热耐受的上限。本研究结果可为虹鳟抗高温应激调控提供基础数据,并且有助于虹鳟生产者理解热应激的免疫生理、评估热应激的不利影响并做好热应激预防。The high temperature is an important threat to aquaculture of rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus mykiss）. In the present research, the effects of heat stress and recovery on non-specific immunity parameters were investigated in rainbow trout with average weight of 350 g under the laboratory conditions. Samples for detections of respiratory burst （RB）, complement protein 3 （C3） content, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, cortisol （COR） content, catecholamines （CA） content, alkaline phosphatase （AKP） activity and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activity were taken before heat stress （18 ℃, 0 h）, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h after stress （25 ℃） and heat stress recovery （18 ℃, heat stress recovery（HSR））, respectively. The results showed that compared with before stress, the stress group had the following significantly （P〈0.05） increased parameters： RB activity at 8 and 12 h; serum SOD activity at 2-12 h; MDA level at 4 and 12 h; C3 level at 2 and 12 h; AKP activity at 2, 8 and 12 h; the content of COR and CA at 8 h. The activity of LDH in the serum decreased significantly （P〈0.05） at 8 h after heat stress. Compared with the stress group, the HSR had the following variations： RB activity had no significant change （P〉0.05）; MDA and LDH level were significantly lower than that of 4 and 12 h under heat stress （P〈0.05）; C3 level was lower than that of 2 and 12 h of stress （P〈0.05）; SOD activity was lower than that of 12 h under heat stress （P〈0.05）; COR and CA level were lower than that of 8 h under heat stress （P^0.05）; AKP was at the same level as that of 2, 8 and 12 h under heat stress （P〉0.05）. Compared with data before stress, the HSR had the following variations： RB, SOD, COR and AKP increased significantly （P〈0.05）; C3, MDA, CA and LDH recovered to the level before stress （P〉0.05）. These results indicated that 25 ℃ heat stress significantly affected the non-specific immunity of rainb

关 键 词：虹鳟 热应激 非特异性免疫指标 

分 类 号：S945.45[农业科学—水产养殖]