举重半蹲挺技术的运动学特征研究  

Kinematic characteristics of half squatting jerk technique——Taking former Olympic champion Shi Zhiyong as study object

作　　者：王雷[1,2] 杨世勇[3] 陈锐[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学院,福建福州350000 [2]贵阳学院,贵州贵阳550005 [3]成都体育学院,四川成都610041 [4]宜宾学院体育学院,四川宜宾64610

出　　处：《山东体育科技》2015年第2期49-53,共5页Shandong Sports Science & Technology

摘　　要：半蹲挺技术近30年来无人进行深入研究,但近期运用该技术取得优异成绩的运动员在增加。运用三维运动学的方法以石智勇为研究对象,对其半蹲挺技术进行运动学特征研究。结果表明:半蹲挺技术在预蹲阶段应采取膝关节、髋关节角度同时减小的"双屈式"预蹲技术;在预蹲时角速度变化上应采用缓慢-加速-减速的节奏,采取积极预蹲为后面发力创造有利条件;在上挺发力阶段,膝关节、髋关节角度变化方向应一致,且应同时达到最大角度,以更好的实现身体的协调用力;半蹲挺与箭步挺相比在杠铃回落距离上并未体现出明显差异,但相对箭步挺,半蹲挺有着更低的撑铃位置,举起同样重量的杠铃时可以有效减少做功,在发力时对杠铃速度的要求相对箭步挺也相对较低;由于半蹲挺在发力时前后支撑面积远小于箭步挺,对运动员的平衡性和柔韧性提出了更高的要求;半蹲挺与下蹲挺相比杠铃回落距离更短,可以有效降低杠铃下砸力。Three -dimensional kinematic approach is used to study the half squatting jerk technique of Shi Zhiyong in the 1 0th National Games.The results showed that half squatting jerk technique in the pre-squat stage should bend both the angles of knee and hip,and the angular speed changes follow the rhythm of slow-acceleration-Deceleration,taking positive pre-squatting to create favorable conditions for pull;in the pull jerk stage,the changes of knee and hip angles should be consistent in direction and should also reach the maximum angle in order to achieve better body coordination;for half squatting jerk and split jerk,there is no significant differences in barbell down distance,but the half squatting jerk has a lower bell brace position,which can effectively reduce the work done when lifting barbells of the same weight and also has less speed requirements on barbells;Because the support stride of half squatting is much smaller than split jerk when pull,it has higher requirements on the balance and flexibility of athletes;half squatting compared with split jerk has shorter barbell down distance,which can effectively reduce the bar smashing force.

关 键 词：举重 半蹲挺 运动学 石智勇 

分 类 号：G884[文化科学—体育训练]