重质油炼化污水生化处理出水的污染特征分析  

Effluent Characterization of Biochemical Process in Heavy Oil Processing Wastewater Treatment System

作　　者：陈宇[1] 吴青[2] 代小丽[1] 王旻烜 郭绍辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中海石油炼化有限责任公司惠州炼化分公司,广东惠州516086

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2015年第2期7-12,共6页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：中国海洋石油总公司重大课题(CNOOC-KJ125ZDXM 15LH007LH12)

摘　　要：将傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICR MS)与气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)结合,实现了对有机污染物微观组成的全分析,在此基础上形成了炼化污水水质剖析方法。对重质油炼化污水系统生化工艺出水进行污染物组成分析发现,其有机负荷基本由难降解的大分子极性有机污染物构成,不可生物降解的非极性大分子烷烃类也有一定贡献。极性有机污染物总数量达到376种,Ox、NxOx与SxOx是主要类型;推测为有机酸类、酯类与杂环化合物,分子结构复杂且不饱和,普遍带有芳香环、稠环以及杂环。含N杂环化合物还与硝酸盐氮一起构成了高浓度的总氮。根据生化工艺出水的污染特性,优化生化工艺的COD降解与脱氮效能,并利用臭氧催化氧化技术深度处理,将有助于实现全面达标排放。Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry（ESI-FT-ICR-MS）coupled with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry（GC-MS）were used to analysize the composition of organic pollutants.Based on this,the comprehensive analysis method for heavy oil processing wastewater was established.The comprehensive analysis of biochemical process effluent demonstrated that refractory macromolecular polar organic pollutants and non-polar alkanes were main components of organic load.The total number of polar organic pollutants was 376,and Ox,NxOxand SxOx were main classes which were presumed to be organic acids,esters and heterocyclic compounds.Most polar organic pollutants were unsaturated molecules with the structure of aromatic ring,polycyclic and heterocyclic.N-contained heterocyclic compounds and nitrate contributed to high-concentration total nitrogen.COD degradation and nitrogen removal of biochemical process were improved,and advanced treatment of catalytic ozonation was also used which will benefit the heavy oil processing wastewater in order to meet discharge standards.

关 键 词：重质油 炼化污水 生化工艺 污染物组成 傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱 气相色谱-质谱 

分 类 号：TE991[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]