普通成人最大时长/a/音的声学特征研究  

Acoustic Characteristics of Time-longest/a/Made by Normal Adults

作　　者：梁峻波 张艳丽[1] 惠芬芬 万勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学学前教育与特殊教育学院言语听觉科学系,上海200062

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2015年第3期210-213,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的：通过比较普通成年男性、女性最大时长/a/音的基频、强度等参数，分析不同性别成人声带稳定性的差异，探究声带稳定性及性别对最长声时的影响，为最长声时的取值规范提供参考。方法采用Real AnalysisTM录制90名普通成人（男性、女性各45名）的最大时长音/a/，采用Phonation提取声学参数。分析性别对最大时长/a/各参数的影响；选用以上参数界定声带稳定性，按参数值从小到大的顺序分别将男、女被试平均分为低、中、高3组，探究性别及声带稳定性对最长声时的影响。结果①男性及女性的基频变化范围、基频微扰、强度变化范围均不存在显著差异（P＞0.05）；女性的基频标准差和强度标准差显著大于男性（P＜0.05）；男性的强度微扰极显著高于女性（P＜0.01）。②男性基频变化范围中组的最长声时显著高于低组，其他参数的不同组别最长声时没有显著性差异。结论①发最大时长/a/音时，男性的声带振动稳定性好于女性。②基频变化范围对普通男性的最长声时有影响，而其他参数对普通成人的最长声时不存在影响。③基频变化范围可以作为普通成人最长声时取值规范的参考标准。Objective To analyze the stability of the adults’ vocal cords of different genders while making a time-longest /a/ by comparing parameters, such as frequency dynamic range,F0SD, jitter, intensity dynamic range, Intsd, and shimmer. Taking these six parameters as standards of determining stability of vocal cords, and to explore if the stability of vocal cords and genders will influence the most phonation time.Methods Recording the longest time /a/ of 45 normal males and 45 normal females using Real AnalysisTM, then deriving the parameters from sound file by the software Phonation, comparing the parameters’ differences between males and females. Take each parameter as a standard of vocal cord stability, and divide male participants into 3 equal groups from the mini parameter value to the max parameter value, and do the same with female participants. Different groups represent different stabilities of vocal cords.Results （1）The frequency dynamic range, jitter and intensity dynamic range have no statistical differences between two genders（P〉0.05）,while female’s F0SD and Intsd are significantly bigger than male’s（P〈0.05）. The male’s shimmer is significantly bigger than female’s（P〈0.01）. （2） The MPT of male medium frequency dynamic range group is significantly bigger than male small frequency dynamic range group. The groups of other parameters show no influence on MPT.Conclusion （1）Normal males’ stability of vocal cords is better than female’s while making a longest time of /a/. （2）For males, the frequency dynamic range representing the overall stability of vocal cords will influence MPT, while other parameters reflecting the stability of vocal cord in details have no influence on normal adult’s MPT. （3）We can take the frequency dynamic range as a standard.

关 键 词：最长声时 声学特征 基频 强度 

分 类 号：R782.22[医药卫生—口腔医学]