考虑驾驶员性格特性的超车模型研究  

Overtaking Model Based on Drivers' Characteristics

作　　者：黄慧琼[1] 覃运梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学汽车与交通学院,广西柳州545006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期20-26,共7页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41461082);广西科技大学科学基金项目(校科自1419210)

摘　　要：针对超车模型研究过程中存在忽视驾驶员个体差异性,将车辆抽象为质点而无法考虑车辆的几何大小及超车时车辆之间的位置关系等不合理地方,本文引入驾驶员性格特性到车辆几何模型中,建立了考虑驾驶员性格特性的车辆超车模型。由于考虑到车辆在不同行驶环境下车辆纵向和横向危险程度不一样,提出了车辆椭圆几何模型,并结合超车过程建立了计算超车车辆从超车行为产生到超车过程结束所需的最小超车时间和安全距离的计算模型,最后通过Matlab数值仿真发现,文中提出的模型克服了现有的超车模型中普遍存在的没有反映驾驶员个体差异的缺点,反映出不同类型的驾驶员在相同超车过程中所需的最小超车时间和安全距离会有所不同,体现了驾驶员个体的差异性,计算结果与实际交通相符。Existing overtaking models usually ignore the impact of the driver individual behavior difference and take the vehicles particle into account without considering the geometric size and the location of the vehicles under overtaking. In this paper, a new overtaking model based on vehicle geometric model considering the driver individual behavior difference is put forward and proposes a vehicle elliptical geometric model since the danger coefficient of vehicle longitudinal and lateral is not the same. On this basis, a new mathematic model of calculating the least time required for overtaking and the overtaking safe distance for vehicle formed from beginning overtaking to finishing overtaking for two-lane highway is put forward in this paper. Finally, simulation is carried out on the Matlab simulation platform. It is found that the least time required for overtaking and the overtaking safe distance for different driver are not the same when considering the driver＇s differences. In a word, the model can better reproduce the overtaking behavior during the overtaking process.

关 键 词：超车模型 驾驶员性格 车辆模型 超车时间 安全距离 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]