中老年人群白内障发病的危险因素及保护因素研究  

Risk factors and protective factors for cataract in middleaged and aged people

作　　者：徐正东[1] 陈波[2] 高兰[3] 

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市第二人民医院眼科,四川攀枝花617068 [2]四川省人民医院眼科,四川成都610072 [3]攀枝花市第二人民医院,四川攀枝花617068

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2015年第13期90-93,共4页China Journal of Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的对中老年人群白内障发病情况及其影响因素进行研究和探讨。方法以2010年1月-2014年9月该院眼科确诊的920例白内障患者作为研究对象,并选取体检中心的920例非白内障人群作1∶1对照配对调查,分别列为白内障组和非白内障组,通过对两组研究对象一般资料、生活行为习惯和既往病史等进行调查和分析,对其影响白内障发病的危险因素及保护因素进行统计分析。结果年龄较大、女性、户外工作者、吸烟者、糖尿病患者、高血压患者、高血压年数较长、服用降压药时间较长、降压药种类、降压药服用年限较长、既往阳光照射时间较长及手机使用年限较长均为白内障发病的危险因素,而文化程度较高和家庭月收入较高则是白内障发病的保护因素。结论除年龄较大、女性、户外工作者、吸烟者、糖尿病患者、高血压患者以及既往阳光照射时间较长等既往因素外,高血压年数较长、服用降压药时间较长、降压药种类和降压药服用年限较长也成为影响糖尿病发病的危险因素。而随着电子技术的发展及电子产品的广泛使用,手机使用年限较长、日通话量较大、每次通话时间较长以及接听方式成为新兴危险因素,而文化程度较高和家庭月收入较高则是白内障发病的保护因素。【Objective】To study and discuss the influencing factors of cataract in middle-aged and aged people.【Methods】Totally 920 cases of cataract patients confirmed in ophthalmic department of our hospital from January2010 to September 2014 were selected as the research objects, 920 cases of people without cataract in medical examination center were selected for 1：1 matched case-control study, and they were treated as cataract group and nocataract group respectively. Risk factors and protective factors of cataract in middle-aged and aged people were statistically analyzed through the investigation and study on general data, living habits, medical history of the objects in two groups. 【Results】Older age, female, outdoor workers, smokers, patients with diabetes, patients with high blood pressure, longer period of high blood pressure, longer period of blood pressure medication, the type of blood pressure medication, longer exposure to sunlight, and longer mobile phone usage were risk factors for cataract, while higher educational level and higher family income were protective factors. 【Conclusions】Besides the past influence factors of older age, female, outdoor workers, smokers, patients with diabetes, patients with high blood pressure, and longer exposure to sunlight, longer period of high blood pressure, longer period of blood pressure medication, the type of blood pressure medication also become the risk factors for patients with cataract. With the development of electronic technology and the wide use of electronic products, longer mobile phone usage, bigger daily call volume, longer call time and the way of answering the phone become the emerging risk factors, and the higher educational level and higher family income are protective factors for cataract.

关 键 词：白内障 中老年 危险因素 保护因素 

分 类 号：R776.1[医药卫生—眼科]