铅作业工人血铅水平与膳食营养素关系研究  

Study on the correlation between blood lead level and dietary nutrition in lead exposed workers

作　　者：陈榕芳[1] 谢克锦[1] 林征[2] 祖庆[1] 郑嘉华 

机构地区：[1]南平市疾病预防控制中心,福建南平353000 [2]福建医科大学,福州350008 [3]建阳市疾病预防控制中心,建阳354200

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2015年第2期186-189,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：福建省卫生厅青年科研基金项目(12-2-124)

摘　　要：目的探讨铅作业工人体内血铅水平与膳食营养素的关系。方法以福建省南平市某蓄电池厂427名铅作业工人为调查对象,采用自行设计问卷调查作业工人工龄、接铅方式和膳食情况,测定其血铅水平。结果铅作业工人血铅水平中位数为340.1μg/L,血铅水平超标率为45.9%(196/427)。铁摄入过量的铅作业工人血铅超标率高于铁摄入适宜的铅作业工人(P<0.012 5);维生素B2摄入过量的铅作业工人血铅超标率高于维生素B2摄入适宜的铅作业工人(P<0.012 5)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:蛋白质摄入过量的铅作业工人发生血铅超标的风险低于蛋白质摄入适宜者(P<0.01),硒摄入不足的铅作业工人发生血铅超标的风险低于硒摄入适宜者(P<0.01);男性铅作业工人发生血铅超标的风险高于女性(P<0.01),工龄越长的铅作业工人发生血铅超标的风险越高(P<0.01),单纯接触铅尘的铅作业工人发生血铅超标的风险高于接触混合铅者(P<0.01),能量摄入不足或过量的铅作业工人发生血铅超标的风险高于能量摄入适宜者(P<0.01)。结论应建立膳食平衡、健康促进和工作环境控制的复合式干预模式。平衡铅作业工人膳食营养,增加能量和维生素B2的摄入。Objective To explore the correlation between blood lead level and dietary nutrition in workers exposed to lead. Methods Four hundred and twenty-seven lead exposed workers were selected as the investigation objects from a battery factory in Nanping city, Fujian province. By self-designed questionnaire, the workers were investigated on the length of service, lead exposure types and dietary situation status, to determine their blood lead levels. Results The median blood lead level of lead exposed workers was 340. 1 μg,/L, and the over standard rate of blood lead was 45.9% （ 196/427 ）. The over standard rate of blood lead of lead exposed workers with excessive daily intake of iron was higher than that of those workers with appropriate daily intake of iron （P 〈 0. 012 5） ; and the over standard rate of blood lead of lead exposed workers with excessive intake of vitamin B2 （ VitB2 ） was higher than that of those workers with appropriate intake of VitB2 （ P 〈 0. 012 5）. The Logistic regression analysis showed that the over standard risk of blood lead in lead exposed workers with excessive intake of protein was lower than that of those workers with appropriate intake of protein （P 〈 0. 01 ）, the over standard risk of blood lead in lead exposed workers with insufficient intake of selenium was lower than that of those workers with appropriate intake of selenium （P 〈0.01 ） ; the over standard risk of blood lead in male workers was higher than that in female workers （P 〈 0. 01 ）, the workers with longer length of service had higher over standard risk of blood lead level （P 〈 O. 01 ） , the over standard risk of blood lead in workers exposed to pure lead dust was higher than that of workers exposed to mixed lead （P 〈 0. 01 ）, the over standard risk of blood lead in lead exposed workers with insufficient or excessive intake of energy was higher than that of thoes workers with appropriate intake of energy （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion A combined intervention mode with balanced

关 键 词：铅 血铅 膳食营养 营养素 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]