为利与为殃:卫河流域水患与陂塘生态变迁——以清至民初浚县长丰泊为例  

For benefit or suffering disaster: floods and ecological changes of pools in Weihe Basin——Taking Changfeng Pool in Xunxian county for Example

作　　者：孟祥晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学历史文化学院,新乡453007

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2015年第6期128-132,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：2014年国家社科基金项目(项目编号:14BZS072);2012年河南师范大学博士科研启动费支持项目(项目编号:11152);2013年度河南师范大学青年科学基金(项目编号:2013QK31)资助

摘　　要：由于卫河所流经之地系古黄河河道,故在卫河两岸,或断或续地存在着许多陂塘,长丰泊即是其中之一。清至民初时期,长丰泊内水患频仍,人与水患的较量从未间断,但总是在开垦-陂塘变小-易遭洪水-兴修水利工程-再开垦的怪圈中发展,通过治理并未给当地人民带来预期的良好效果,究其原因,当因这种状况,一方面违背了陂塘蓄水、减灾之功用,从而造成人与水争地为利,以致水与人争地为殃的局面。另一方面,这种陂塘内的垦耕现象,也在一定程度上改变了卫河流域的生态及水环境,破坏了陂塘的蓄水作用,减少了水资源在流域内的停留时间,从而改变了小流域内的水循环,使得流域内灾害频次逐渐增加,当水灾发生时,造成水灾损失范围和程度的增大,从而最终更严重地危及到人类的生活安全,这应该引起我们的重视。As Weihe flows through the land of ancient Yellow River,there are many pools on both sides of it broken or continued. Changfeng Pool is one of them. In the Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,the floods were occurred frequently in Changfeng pool,and the behavior of people against floods has never been stopped,but it always developed with a vicious circles as follows： land reclamation-pool become more smaller-easy to be confronted with floods-build water engineering-land reclamation again. The reason that the control measures did not bring the expected good effect to local people was that on one hand the measures violated the function of pool for retaining water and reducing floods,and hence caused the situation that people fought water for land benefit while water fought people and led to the floods. On the other hand,land reclamation in the pool area changed the ecology and the water environment to some extent,damaged the pool＇s function of retaining flood,reduced the staying time of the water in the pool so that changed the water circulation in this small basin and made the disaster increased gradually.

关 键 词：长丰泊 水灾 治理措施 清至民初时期 人地关系 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]