磁单极的三世三生——本科生硕士生博士生层面的磁单极精讲  

THE PAST AND FUTURE OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE—A METICULOUS INTERPRETATION FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES ON UNDERGRADUATE,MASTER AND DOCTOR LEVELS

作　　者：徐湛[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学物理系,北京100084

出　　处：《物理与工程》2015年第2期12-18,共7页Physics and Engineering

摘　　要：磁单极是在科学文献和科普读物中经常可以见到的名词.本文从电磁学、电动力学、电-磁对偶性、规范不变性、各向同性的矢量势、量子力学、纤维丛理论、非阿贝尔规范场论、规范对称性自发破缺、孤子、暴胀宇宙论等几个不同的层面,回顾了人们对磁单极认识的逐步提高过程.在这个过程中,磁单极不断地以新的面貌再生,但是在现实世界中搜寻磁单极子的工作仍然任重道远.This article reviewed the rising significance of magnetic monopole in several differ- ent levels of electromagnetism, eleetrodynamics, electric-magnetic duality, gauge invariance, isotropic vector potential, quantum mechanics, theory of fiber bundles, non-Abelian gauge theory, spontaneous symmetry breaking, soliton and theory of inflationary universe. In this process, magnetic monopole is constantly regenerated with new looks, but the mission of searching magnetic monopoles in the realistic world still has a long way to go.

关 键 词：电-磁对偶性 规范不变性 奇异弦 纤维丛 磁荷量子化 非阿贝尔规范场 对称性自发破缺 孤子 

分 类 号：O441.2[理学—电磁学]