重性精神障碍患者家属心理健康状况分析  

Analysis on mental health of family members of patients with serious mental disorders

作　　者：苏雅芳[1] 陈爱学[1] 江爱玉[1] 贝佳妮 徐丽芬[1] 曹明[1] 姚明荣[1] 王莲娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省嘉兴市康慈医院,浙江桐乡314500

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2015年第5期355-359,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2011年度桐乡市第三批科技计划项目(201103185)

摘　　要：目的了解重性精神障碍患者不同性别及不同照料年限家属的心理健康状况。方法采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、疾病家庭负担量表(FBS)、亲属应激量表(RSS)等对128名重性精神障碍患者家属(其中男性69名,女性59名;照料年限≤5年71名,>5年57名)进行调查分析。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行数据分析,计量资料采用t检验,相关性分析采用双变量Pearson相关分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果重性精神障碍患者家属SAS和SDS评分均显著高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(t=15.00,t=9.00,P均<0.01),不同性别家属之间SAS、SDS评分差异无统计学意义(t=1.23,t=1.13,P均>0.05)。SCSQ中积极应对方式、消极应对方式两个维度明显低于全国常模,差异均有统计学意义(t=8.27,t=10.79,P均<0.01)。不同性别家属消极应对差异有统计学意义(t=2.04,P<0.05)。FBS测评总分不同性别家属差异无统计学意义(t=0.78,P>0.05),因子躯体健康、心理健康差异有统计学意义(t=2.14,P<0.05;t=3.68,P<0.01)。男性家属SAS评分与FBS总分、RSS总分、消极应对方式均呈显著正相关(r=0.349,r=0.618,r=0.495,P均<0.01);SDS评分与FBS总分、RSS总分、消极应对呈显著正相关(r=0.363,r=0.593,r=0.497,P均<0.01)。女性家属SAS评分与FBS总分、RSS总分、消极应对均呈显著正相关(r=0.691,r=0.745,r=0.352,P均<0.01);SDS评分与FBS总分、RSS总分呈显著正相关(r=0.646,r=0.751,P均<0.01)。照料年限≤5年与>5年两组量表测评FBS总分、RSS总分、积极应对方式差异有统计学意义(t=2.83、2.23、2.24,P均<0.05)。结论重性精神障碍患者不同性别家属均存在不同程度的心理健康问题,且随着照料年限的增加对心理健康影响增大,宜采取针对性的干预措施,以增进患者家属的心理健康。Objective To understand the status of mental health of family members of hospitalized patients with serious mental disorders. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 128 family members（69men and 59 women）who took care of hospitalized patients with serious mental disorders using SAS,SDS,SCSQ,FBS and RSS.SPSS 13.0statistic software was used for data analysis. Results The scores of SAS and SDS of relatives of patients with serious mental disorders were significantly higher than the national norm（t=15.00,t=9.00,P〈0.01）.There were no significant differences of SAS and SDS scores between male and female family members（t=1.23,t=1.13,P〉0.05）.The two dimensions of positive and negative coping styles in SCSQ were significantly lower than the national norm（t=8.27,t=10.79,P〈0.01）,and the difference of negative coping styles between males and females were significant（t=2.04,P〉0.05）,while the total evaluation scores of FBS were not（t=0.78,P〈0.05）.In both male and female family members,SAS and SDS scores were positively correlated with scores of FBS,RSS and negative coping styles（r=0.349,r=0.618,r=0.495,P〈0.01）;（r=0.363,r=0.593,r=0.497,P〈0.01）;（r=0.691,r=0.745,r=0.352,P〈0.01）;（r=0.646,r=0.751,P〈0.01）.The scores of FBS and RSS among relatives who took care of patients longer than 5years were higher compared with those caring patients for 5years and less,the difference of positive coping scores was also significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusions There are some mental health problems among family members of patients with serious mental disorder,which become worse along with years passing by.Specific intervention should be adopted to improve their mental health.

关 键 词：重性精神障碍 患者家属 心理健康 调查分析 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]