施肥对苦荞麦产量、经济效益及肥效的影响  

Effect of Fertilization Application on Yield,Economic Benefit and Fertilizer Effeciency of Tartary Buckwheat

作　　者：向达兵[1] 杨玲玲[1] 李静[1] 刘亚男[1] 高全利 任友坤 刘学仪 赵钢[1] 周勇[1] 黄海霞[1] 张莹[1] 贾晓凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都大学生物产业学院,四川成都610106 [2]美姑县农业和科学技术局,四川美姑616450

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第4期83-87,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-08-03B);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD07B04);四川省科技富民强县专项行动计划项目

摘　　要：在成都金堂县,采用＂3414＂肥效试验方案探讨了不同氮、磷、钾肥施用量对苦荞麦产量、经济效益及肥效的影响。结果表明,施肥处理苦荞麦产量显著高于不施肥处理,苦荞麦产量分别随着氮、磷、钾肥施用量的增加先增加后降低。纯收入分别随氮、磷、钾肥施用量的增加先增加后降低;产投比随磷肥施肥量的增加而降低,随着氮、钾肥施肥量的增加先增加后降低,即适量减少磷肥的施用量,增加氮肥和钾肥的施用量,可获得较好的经济效益。在低氮、低磷、低钾水平下,两两组合有利于另一肥料肥效的发挥。氮、磷、钾三元二次肥效函数为非典型式,应用产量频率分析法得出每公顷施N 39.8~86.0 kg、P2O574.6~161.2 kg、K2O 29.8~64.4 kg时,产量达2 000~3 500 kg/hm2的概率为95%,值得推广应用。A “3414” design experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of nitrogen（N）,phos-phorus（P） and potassium（K） application amount on the yield,economic benefit and fertilizer efficiency of tartary buckwheat in Jintang county of Chengdu. The results indicated that the yield of tartary buck-wheat of the treatment with fertilizer was significantly higher than that of the treatment without fertilizer, the yield of tartary buckwheat and the net income increased first and then decreased with the increase of N,P and K application amount. The input and output ratio decreased with the increase of P application amount,and increased first and then decreased with the increase of N and K application amount,indicating that appropriate reduction of the P application amount and increase of N and K fertilizer application amount could attain higher economy benefit. The combination of any two of N,P and K was beneficial to improve the fertilizer efficiency for another fertilizer at a low level. Above all,the application of 39. 8—86. 0 kg / ha N,74. 6—161. 2 kg / ha P2 O5 and 29. 8—64. 4 kg / ha K could obtain 2 000—3 500 kg / ha tartary buckwheat at 95 percent probability,and which was worth generalizing and applying.

关 键 词：施肥量 苦荞麦 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学] S143