老年肌力操在老年人肌力减退二级预防中的作用  

Effect of the muscle strength training in the secondary prevention of decreased muscle strength for the elderly

作　　者：任海静[1] 胡景萍[1] 李京彬[1] 王彦[1] 杜小静[1] 安红艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学护理学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第11期2021-2024,2028,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河北省科技厅科技支撑项目(12276104D-71);河北省医学科学研究重点课题(ZL20140285);河北大学医学学科建设项目(2012A3005)

摘　　要：目的探讨老年肌力操对老年人全身肌肉力量的改善效应。方法抽取保定市区的两个社区,随机确定一个为实验组,另一个为对照组。采用简单随机抽样方法分别从各社区抽取老年人80人为研究对象。首先进行问卷调查和身体机能测试,对实验组老年人进行为期6个月的老年肌力操训练干预,而对照组不进行干预。6个月后再次对研究对象进行问卷调查及身体机能测试。结果干预前,实验组和对照组全身肌量、推定骨量、握力、30 s反复坐起次数、10米直线走时间、修订版跌倒效能量表与Berg平衡量表得分,尿失禁、便秘及跌倒发生率等指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,实验组和对照组全身肌肉量分别为(38.67±3.74)kg和(37.17±3.31)kg,推定骨量分别为(2.36±0.29)kg和(2.26±0.23)kg,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组和对照组握力分别是(22.19±6.14)kg和(19.62±5.99)kg,30 s反复坐起分别为(16.00±2.50)次和(13.49±3.54)次,10米直线走分别为(9.32±1.63)s和(11.65±1.88)s,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组和对照组修订版跌倒效能量表得分分别为(8.62±1.30)分和(7.92±1.74)分,两组比较差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Berg平衡量表得分分别为(53.76±2.94)分和(53.49±2.63)分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组老年人尿失禁发生率分别为40.0%和73.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而便秘发生率分别为13.3%和19.2%,跌倒发生率分别为2.7%和7.7%,二者差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年肌力操的训练增加了肌肉质量,提高了肌肉力量,改善了身体机能,在老年人肌力减退的二级预防中作用明显。Abstract： Objective To determine the effect of the muscle strength training on whole-body muscle strength among the elderly. Methods Two communities from Baoding City were randomly chosen as the study groups （exercise group and control group）. The simple random sampling method was used to choose 80 old persons for each community to participate in this study. The elderly in exercise group were engaged in strength training and they were suggested to take this exercise for 6 months. While, people in control group did not do exercise. Furthermore, we gave all the participants questionnaire surveys and functional performance assessments before and after this training. Results Before the training, there was no significant difference （≥0.05） between the two groups in the whole body muscle mass, presumption of bone mass, grip, times of 30-second sit-to-stand test, time of 10-meter- walk test, scores of Modified Fall Efficacy Scale and Berg Balance Scale, and the incidence rates of incontinence, constipation and fall. After 6 months training, the whole body muscle mass showed a significant difference （P〈0.05） between the exercise group （38.67 ±3.74 kg） and the control group （37.17 ± 3.31 kg）, as well as the presumption of bone mass between the former （2.36 ±0.29 kg） and the latter （2.26 ± 0.23 kg）. The grip were （22.19± 6.14 kg） and （19.62 ±5.99 kg） in the two groups, respectively. The times of 30-second sit-to-stand test were （16.00± 2.50） and （13.49± 3.54） in the exercise group and the control group, respectively. In addition, the time of 10-meter-walk test in the exercise group was （9.32 ± 1.63）s, and in the control group was （11.65 ± 2.50）s. There were significant differences （P〈0.05） between the two groups with respect to the grip, times of 30-second sit-to-stand test, and time of 10-meter-walk test. The scores of Modified Fall Efficacy Scale in the exercise group and the control group were （8.62 ± 1.30） and （7.92± 1.74）, respectively

关 键 词：老年人 肌力减退 肌力训练 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]