气质联合社会生活能力在学龄前哮喘患儿家庭护理中的应用  

Application of temperament combined with social competence in preschoolers with asthma in home care

作　　者：苏丽娅[1] 刘萍[2] 吴立云[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院儿科,300211 [2]天津医学高等专科学校护理系,300222

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2015年第14期1060-1063,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的 探讨气质类型结合社会生活能力分级在学龄前哮喘儿童家庭护理中的应用效果.方法 采用便利抽样法从2013年1月1日至2013年2月28日来门诊接受治疗的学龄前哮喘患儿中抽取100例,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组50例.观察组根据气质类型和社会生活能力综合评分划分为普通、中间和强化3个等级.对照组和普通等级给予常规护理干预措施,中间和强化等级分别给予相应的强化护理措施.连续随访1年,比较2组患儿在随访期间哮喘发作、就医等情况和生命质量、肺功能等改变情况.结果 随访第1个半年内,观察组患儿急性发作次数少于对照组[（2.3±0.4）次比（3.4±0.3）次],P＜0.05;随访1年时,观察组患儿的第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比和儿科哮喘生命质量问卷得分均高于对照组[（86.9±4.6）％比（85.5±3.8）％和（90.1±7.5）分比（76.5±8.0）分],差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05.结论 将气质类型结合社会生活能力分级应用于哮喘患儿的家庭护理工作中,效果良好,具有一定的推广价值.Objective To explore the application effect of home care on the basis of temperament combined with social competence in preschool children with bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 100 preschool children outpatients with bronchial asthma who came to our hospital from January 1 to February 28,2013 were selected with the method of convenience sampling and were randomly divided into observed group and control group with 50 cases in each group.Cases of the observed group were divided into ordinary,middle,and strengthen subgroups according to temperament and social competence.The control group and the ordinary subgroup received routine care interventions,and the other subgroups were given corresponding enhanced care measures.The attack rate of asthma,medical care,quality of life and lung function during one year follow-up were observed and compared between the two groups.Results Within the first six months of follow-up,patients in observed group got better control in acute attacks than the control group [（2.3±0.4） times vs.（3.4±0.3） times,x2=5.710,P〈0.05）].The percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire scores in observed group were significantly higher than the control group one years later [（86.9±4.6）% vs.（85.5±3.8）% and （90.1±7.5） vs.（76.5±8.0）,P〈0.05].Conclusions The application of temperament type combined with social competence showed a good practical value in home care for asthma preschoolers.

关 键 词：哮喘 气质 儿童 学龄前 家庭护理 社会生活能力 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]