祁连山不同植被类型土壤微生物群落多样性差异  

Soil microbial community diversity under four vegetation types in the Qilian Mountains,China

作　　者：朱平[1,2] 陈仁升[1,2] 宋耀选[1,2] 刘光琇[2] 陈拓[2] 张威[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院黑河上游生态水文试验研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《草业学报》2015年第6期75-84,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CBA01086);国家自然科学基金项目(41222001;91025011)资助

摘　　要：土壤微生物是土壤生态系统的重要组成部分,在生态系统物质循环和能量转化中占有重要的地位。以祁连山中段不同海拔的4种植物群落,即垫状植被(cushion plants,CP)、高寒草甸(alpine meadow,AM)、沼泽化草甸(swamp meadow,SM)和高寒灌丛(alpine shrub,AS)作为实验样地,采用BIOLOG技术,探讨了土壤微生物群落多样性在不用海拔梯度形成的植被条件下的变化特征。结果表明,反映微生物活性的平均颜色变化率(average well color development,AWCD)的大小顺序为:沼泽化草甸>高寒草甸>高寒灌丛>垫状植被,沼泽化草甸土壤微生物群落代谢活性最高;高寒草甸和沼泽化草甸土壤微生物群落碳源利用模式相似,土壤微生物群落的Shannon-Wiener物种丰富度指数(H)与土壤有机碳和全氮显著相关(P<0.05),Simpson优势度指数(D)和Mc Intosh指数(U)与土壤全氮显著相关(P<0.05);冗余分析表明,土壤有机碳、p H和全氮可能是土壤微生物利用碳源的控制因子。研究结果为进一步探讨高寒草甸与土壤微生物之间的关系奠定了基础。Soil microbes are an important component of soil ecosystem playing a key role in nutrient and energy cycling.The variation of soil microbial community diversity under cushion plants,alpine meadow,swamp meadow and alpine shrub along an elevation gradient in mid the altitude zone of the Qilian Mountains was measured using the BIOLOG-ECO technique. The results showed that the soil microbial activity assessed using well color development( AWCD) varied in the order: swamp meadow > alpine meadow > alpine shrub > cushion plants. Soil microbial communities in swamp meadow had the highest soil microbial activity; the carbon source utilization mode of soil microbial communities was similar under alpine meadow and swamp meadow. Correlation analysis indicated that the Shannon- Wiener index( H) was significantly correlated( P < 0. 05) with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen. Simpson's( D) and Mclntosh's( U) indices were significantly( P < 0. 05) correlated with soil total nitrogen. Redundancy analysis( RDA) on microbial commu nities constrained by different soil factors showed that soil organic carbon,soil p H and total soil nitrogen were important factors determining the rate of metabolism of carbon substrates in soils. The results of this study suggested a basis for further investigation of the relationships between vegetation diversity and soil microbial community diversity.

关 键 词：祁连山 土壤微生物 BIOLOG 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]