启蒙精神与市民道德下的无所适从——莱辛戏剧中的女性  

The Dilemma Between Spirit of Enlightenment and Civil Ethic——Female Images in Lessing's Drama Works

作　　者：任卫东[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学德语系,北京100089

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第2期16-22,共7页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：启蒙时期是德国社会的转型期,也是德国市民社会的形成时期。启蒙精神要求人独立、理性、思考、行动。然而,这是对抽象的、普遍的人的要求。市民社会对女性的道德要求却是依附、柔弱、顺从、感性、被动、接受、贞洁。从文学与社会的互动关系出发,分析启蒙时期莱辛的戏剧作品,可以看出人在各种变化着的社会关系中作用的改变,也能折射出女性在双重要求下的两难境地。The Enlightenment in Germany is defined as a transformational phase as well as the emerging period of civil society. The spirit of enlightenment was expressed in the appeal for independence, rational thinking and actions of man. However, the idea of human beings back then was more or less an abstract and general conception. The moral appeal of women in civil society, on the other hand, was dependence, tenderness, obdience, sensuality, passitivity, acceptance and chastity. This article is an analysis of Lessing＇s plays based on the observation of the interaction between literature and society. It reveals man＇s development in the various changing social relations and the dilemma of women under the double moral standard.

关 键 词：启蒙 市民道德 女性 莱辛 

分 类 号：I516.073[文学—其他各国文学]