中华绒螯蟹、日本绒螯蟹及其杂交种性腺发育和生化组成的比较  

Comparative study on gonadal development and biochemical composition among Eriocheir sinensis,E. japonica and their hybrids

作　　者：吴旭干[1] 龙晓文[1,2] 刘乃更 何杰[1,2] 王武[1] 成永旭[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海高校知识服务平台,上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心,上海201306 [3]盘锦光合蟹业有限公司,辽宁盘锦124200

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2015年第3期3-8,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研项目(13320502100,13231203504);国家863高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA10A409);上海高校水产学一流学科建设项目(2012-62-0908)

摘　　要：研究了中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)、日本绒螯蟹(E.japonica)及其杂交种成蟹性腺指数、肝胰腺指数、出肉率、总可食率及其常规生化成分,结果显示:(1)中华绒螯蟹的精巢指数显著高于其它两种群蟹,但其肝胰腺指数、出肉率和总可食率均无显著差异;中华绒螯蟹的卵巢指数也显著高于日本绒螯蟹和杂交蟹,而杂交蟹的肝胰腺指数显著高于其它两种群蟹。(2)中华绒螯蟹、日本绒螯蟹和杂交种精巢中水分、蛋白和脂肪含量分别最低,日本绒螯蟹精巢中碳水化合物含量最高;杂交种肝胰腺蛋白、脂肪和碳水化合物含量均最高,日本绒螯蟹肌肉中脂肪含量显著低于其它两种群。(3)日本绒螯蟹卵巢水分含量显著高于其它两种群蟹,蛋白、脂肪和碳水化合物含量显著低于其它两种群;日本绒螯蟹肝胰腺的水分和蛋白含量最高,但脂肪含量最低,杂交种肝胰腺中脂肪含量最高、水分含量最低;日本绒螯蟹肌肉中的水分含量最高,其它生化成分含量最低;中华绒螯蟹肌肉的水分含量最低,其它生化成分含量最高。整体上,中华绒螯蟹具有早熟特性,不同种群绒螯蟹性腺中的主要生化成分含量可能与其发育阶段有关,杂交蟹肝胰腺中脂肪含量较高,日本绒螯蟹肌肉中脂肪含量较低。This study was conducted to investigate gonadosomatic index （GSI）, hepatosomatic index （HSI）, meat yield （ MY） , total edible yield （ TEY） and their biochemical compositions of edible parts among Eriocheir sinensis, E.japonica and their hybrids.The results were shown as follows： （1） Although the GSI of male E.sinensis was significant higher than that of the other two populations , no significant differences were found on HSI , MY and TEY among three populations;GSI of female E.sinensis was also significant higher than that of E.japonica and their hybrids while HSI of hybrid crab was significant higher than the other two populations .（2） The testis of E.sinensis, E.aj ponica and their hybrid had the lowest moisture , protein and lipid contents , respectively; the hybrid crab had the highest protein , lipid and carbohydrate con-tents in their hepatopancreas among three populations while E.japonica had the lowest lipid contents in their muscle .（ 3 ）＆amp;nbsp;For female crabs , E.japonica had significant higher moisture content , but lower protein , lipid and carbohydrate contents in their ovaries than the other two populations .Meanwhile , the significant lowest moisture and protein contents , but the highest lipid levels were also detected in the hepatopancreas of E.japonica among three populations while hybrid crab had the highest lipid contents and the lowest moisture in the hepatopancreas .E.sinensis had the lowest moisture and the highest contents of other proximate compositions in the muscle among three populations .In conclusion, E.sinensis has precocious characters while the gonadal proximate compositions maybe related to their developmental stages for different mitten crab populations; hybrid crab had the highest hepatopancreatic lipid contents while E.japonica had the lowest muscular lipid levels among three populations .

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis) 日本绒螯蟹(E.japonica) 杂交蟹 性腺发育 生化组成 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]