精神发育迟滞患儿的事件相关电位视觉P300的特征及与智商的相关性  

The characteristics of visual P300 event-related potentials in children with mental retardation and the correlation with intelligent quotient

作　　者：周平秋[1] 张惠佳[1] 欧阳云[1] 郭春光[1] 胡继红[1] 颜华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院康复一科,长沙410007

出　　处：《中国医师杂志》2015年第5期706-709,共4页Journal of Chinese Physician

摘　　要：目的 探讨精神发育迟滞（MR）患儿的事件相关电位视觉P300的特征以及智商与视觉P300的潜伏期和波幅的关系.方法 选择2012年10月至2013年4月本院康复科门诊就诊及住院行康复治疗的MR患儿30例为MR组,另选同期本院儿童保健科体检的性别、年龄相匹配正常健康儿童30例为正常对照组.两组对象均在本院儿童保健科的智力测试室行韦氏智力测试,同时进行视觉P300的检测,比较两组P300的潜伏期和波幅的变化,并行P300的潜伏期和波幅值与言语智商（VIQ）、操作智商（PIQ）及总智商（FIQ）相关分析.结果 与正常对照组相比,MR组儿童事件相关电位视觉P300波的潜伏期延长,波幅降低,其差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.MR组儿童事件相关电位视觉P300的潜伏期与智商呈负相关（P＜0.05）.P300的波幅与IQ无相关（P＞0.05）.结论 事件相关电位视觉P300的潜伏期和波幅可客观地反映精神发育迟滞儿童认知功能的变化,可作为评价MR患儿认知功能的客观指标之一,具有协助诊断的意义.Objective To explore the characteristics of visual P300 event-related potentials （ERP） in children with mental retardation and evaluate the correlations between visual P300 in event-related potentials and intelligent quotient.Methods Thirty children with mental retardation were selected as the test group who were inpatients or saw a doctor in the Department of Rehabilitation of Hunan Children Hospital.At the same time,thirty normal children were selected as the control group who saw a doctor in the Department of Child Healthcare of Hunan Children Hospital.Two groups had no statistically significant difference in sex and age （P 〉 0.05） and were comparable.All children were administered with the Wechsler intelligence test in the Department of Child Healthcare and the visual event-related potential test in the Department of Rehabilitation.The results of the visual P300 latency and amplitude were analyzed.Another,the relevance between intelligent quotient （IQ） and P300 latency and amplitude were also compared by statistics.Results Compared to the control group,the visual P300 latency in children with mental retardation （MR） was apparently longer and the amplitude decreased significantly in children with MR,with a statistically significant difference between two groups（P 〈0.05）.P300 latency in MR expected negative correlation with intelligent quotient and the amplitude in MR expected no correlation with intelligent quotient.Conclusions P300 latency and amplitude of ERP could objectively reflect cognitive function in children with MR,could be regarded as one of the objective measurement in the evaluation of cognitive function in children with MR.It can be used as an objective electrophysiological index for assisting in the diagnosis of mental retardation of children in clinic.

关 键 词：精神发育迟滞/病理生理学 事件相关电位 P300 智力 诱发电位 视觉 EVENT-RELATED potentials P300 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]