北京某社区少数民族卒中高危人群颈动脉超声筛查结果分析  

Result analysis of carotid ultrasonography screening in minority population at high risk of stroke in a community in Beijing

作　　者：陶昀璐[1] 管滨滨[2] 周莉[2] 华扬[1] 周瑛华[1] 刘蓓蓓[1] 杨洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院血管超声诊断科,北京100053 [2]中央民族大学校医院

出　　处：《中国脑血管病杂志》2015年第5期240-244,共5页Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases

基　　金：2011国家医改专项:卒中筛查与防治工程项目

摘　　要：目的探讨北京某社区≥40岁汉族和少数民族人群卒中相关危险因素与颈动脉闭塞性病变的相关性及颈动脉超声筛查的临床价值。方法 2014年4月对北京中央民族大学所辖社区510例≥40岁的汉族人群和243例少数民族（10个）人群进行卒中危险因素调查与颈动脉超声筛查结果进行分析。结果 （1）汉族人群高血压患病率显著高于少数民族人群[53.5%（273例）比44.4%（108例）;χ2=5.43,P=0.02]。（2）汉族人群颈动脉内-中膜增厚的检出率高于少数民族人群[77.5%（395例）比69.1%（168例）;χ2=6.03,P=0.01],两组人群颈动脉斑块及颈动脉狭窄的检出率差异无统计学意义（χ2值分别为0.56、1.13,均P〉0.05）。（3）高血压和吸烟是汉族人群颈动脉内-中膜增厚的独立危险因素（高血压：OR=1.851,95%CI：1.213~2.825;吸烟：OR=2.311,95%CI：1.065~5.016;均P〈0.05）,高脂血症是少数民族人群颈动脉内-中膜增厚的独立危险因素（OR=2.586,95%CI：0.952~8.694,P〈0.01）。结论调查我国少数民族人群卒中相关危险因素对其颈动脉硬化性疾病的预防尤为重要,尤其需控制血脂水平,颈部血管超声检查可作为早期发现颈动脉粥样硬化性疾病的重要诊断技术。Objective To investigate the correlation between the stroke-related risk factors and carotid stenosis lesions of ≥40 year′s old Han and minority populations in a community in Beijing as well as the clinical value of carotid ultrasound screening. Methods An investigation of risk factors for stroke and the results of carotid artery ultrasound screening in 510 cases （≥40 years old） Han population and 243 minority population in a community in Minzu University of China in Beijing in April 2014 were analyzed. Results （1）The prevalence of hypertension of the Han population was significantly higher than that of the minority population （53. 5% [n=273] vs. 44. 4% [n=108]; χ2 =5. 43,P=0. 02）. （2） The detected rate of carotid intima-media thickness （ IMT ） of the Han population was higher than that of the minority population （77. 5% [n=395] vs. 69. 1% [n=168]; χ2 =6. 03,P=0. 01）. There was no significantly difference in the detected rates of carotid plaques and carotid artery stenosis between the two groups （χ2 =0. 56,1. 13 respectively,all P〉0. 05）. （3） Hypertension and smoking were the independent risk factors for carotid-intima thickening in Han population （ hypertension：OR,1. 851;95% CI 1. 213-2. 825; smoking：OR,2. 311;95% CI 1. 065-5. 016;all P〈0. 05）. Hyperlipidemia was an independent risk factor for carotid artery intima-media thickening in the minority population （OR,2. 586;95% CI 0. 952-8. 694,P〈0. 01）. Conclusion To investigate the risk factors for stroke in minority population in China are of particular importance for the prevention of carotid atherosclerotic disease. Carotid ultrasound examination is an important diagnostic technique for early detection of carotid atherosclerotic disease.

关 键 词：卒中 超声检查 多普勒 彩色 颈动脉 少数民族 内-中膜厚度 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]