基于旅客乘坐舒适性需求的高速动车组车内环境技术条件  

Technical Conditions for Interior Environment of High Speed EMU Based on Passenger Ride Comfort Demand

作　　者：施红生[1] 徐晓梅[2] 郭红梅[2] 钱俊雄 黄慧隆[1] 王东黎[1] 邵连军[2] 甘玉宝 梅敏烽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院节能环保劳卫研究所,北京100081 [2]北京铁路局,北京100038 [3]武汉铁路疾病预防控制所,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2015年第3期100-112,共13页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2012Z003-B)

摘　　要：选择京沪、武广客运专线上运营的5种车型14个车次列车,在冬夏季节高峰客流时段测试车内的热环境、空气品质、空气瞬变压力、噪声、振动、照明等指标,并对6 210名旅客进行乘车舒适度问卷调查,研究高速动车组的车内环境技术条件。结果表明：高速动车组旅客对有关乘车舒适度各影响因素的关注程度由大到小依次为：噪声、空气瞬变压力、异臭味、厕所设施、温度、振动、座椅宽度、空气清新度、座位脚部空间和车内清洁度。建议适宜的高速动车组车内环境技术条件是：车内温度在冬季时北方为22~24℃、南方为19~22℃,夏季时北方为25~27℃、南方为26~28℃;车内空气品质为CO2≤0.15%,TVOC 0.8~1mg·m-3,HCHO≤0.1mg·m-3,NH3≤0.2 mg·m-3,PM10≤0.15 mg·m-3,CO≤5 mg·m-3,细菌总数≤2 500cfu·m-3,O2≥20%,负离子≥300N·cm-3,对于车厢内的新风量一等座、二等座车厢分别取30和25m3·（h·人）-1,由此可使车内的空气品质综合评价指数达到2级;最大车内空气瞬变压力变化速率在平原线路条件下分别取0.3kPa·s-1和0.8kPa·（3s）-1,在山区线路条件下分别取0.2kPa·s-1和0.5kPa·（3s）-1;车内噪声在车速≤250km·h-1时一等座车厢≤65dB（A）、二等座车厢≤68dB（A）,车速〉250km·h-1时一等座车厢≤68dB（A）、二等座车厢≤70dB（A）;车内垂向振动加速度≤0.50m·s-2,纵向、横向振动加速度均≤0.38m·s-2,振动加速度矢量和≤0.9m·s-2;车内照度取一等座、软席车厢≥200lx,二等座车厢≥150lx。Fourteen train numbers in operation were selected from five vehicle types of Beijing-Shanghai and Wuhan-Guangzhou passenger dedicated lines.Such indexes as the interior thermal environment,air quality,transient pressure,noise,vibration and illumination during the peak passenger flow period in winter and summer were tested.Meanwhile,aquestionnaire survey on ride comfort was conducted among6210 passengers.According to passengers＇feelings and the evaluation of interior environment,the technical conditions for the interior environmental of high speed EMU were studied.Results showed that the priority for the concerns of high speed EMU passengers on the influencing factors of their ride comfort were noise,transient pressure,undesirable odor,toilet facilities,temperature,vibration,seat width,air freshness,foot space and vehicle interior cleanliness.The appropriate technical conditions for the interior environment of high speed EMU are suggested as follows.The interior temperature in winter should be 22~24 ℃in North China and 19~22 ℃in South China,while in summer,it should be 25~27 ℃in North China and 26~28℃in South China.The air quality inside should be：CO2≤0.15%,TVOC 0.8~1mg·m-3,HCHO≤0.1mg·m-3,NH3≤0.2mg·m-3,PM10≤0.15mg·m-3,CO≤5mg·m-3,total bacterial count≤2 500cfu·m-3,O2≥20%and negative ion≥300N·cm-3.The fresh air volume per person should be 30m3·h-1 and 25m3·h-1 for the first class and the second class cars respectively.Thus the comprehensive evaluation index of the air quality can reach level 2.The maximum change rate of the interior transient pressure in plain area should be 0.3kPa·s-1 and 0.8kPa·（3s）-1,in mountainous area should be 0.2kPa·s-1 and 0.5·（3s）-1.The interior noise should be less than or equal to 65dB（A）and 68dB（A）respectively in the first class car and the second class car when the train speed is less than or equal to 250km·h-1,while less than or equal to 68dB（A）and 70dB（A）respectively in the first class car and the second class car when

关 键 词：高速动车组 乘车舒适度 环境品质 技术条件 

分 类 号：U292.914[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] X82[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]