土壤湿度和播种深度对检疫性杂草宽叶酢浆草繁殖的效应  

The Effect of Soil Moisture and Sowing Depth on Reproduction of the Quarantine Weed Oxalis latifolia

作　　者：汤东生[1] 寸植贤 方海燕[1] 蔚立强 董玉梅[1] 傅杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学生物多样性应用技术国家工程中心,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期333-337,共5页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(201303022);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB100400)

摘　　要：宽叶酢浆草是近年新发现的检疫性入侵杂草,已对入侵地表现出较为严重的危害。为明确其入侵和危害的生物学特点,本研究通过温室盆栽试验检测了不同湿度土壤和不同播种深度条件下,宽叶酢浆草鳞茎子球的数量、重量、百粒重和收缩根重量的差异。结果表明:宽叶酢浆草具有一定的耐干旱能力,3,4,5 d 3种间隔浇水期对鳞茎数量的影响差异不显著,而2,3,4 d 3种间隔浇水期对鳞茎鲜重差异显著。同样,宽叶酢浆草具有极高的耐埋性,8 cm播种深度的繁殖子球数量和重量均显著高于播种在表面的处理;但播种深度对收缩根的重量影响非常明显,随着深度的增加,收缩根在深度为6 cm时迅速减少至几乎消失。可见,宽叶酢浆草是对干旱和深埋具有较强生态适应性的入侵杂草。Oxalis latifolia was a new-found quarantine invasive weed which caused serious damage to horti- culture production. Information on the biological characteristics of its invasion and harm was lacking. Study was conducted to determine the effect of soil moisture and sowing depth on the number, weight, hundred bulb weight of O. latifolia child bulbs. Moreover, eontractile roots of different treatments were either examined. O. latifolia was showed a little high drought resistance. There was not significant for bulb number treated by watering interval among 3, 4 and 5 days ; while it was significant for bulb fresh weight treated by watering inter- val among 2, 3 and 4 days. Meanwhile, O. latifolia possessed a strong burial resistance. The number and weight of child bulbs sowing in 8 cm was significantly higher than that of sowing in surface. The weight of con- tractile roots showed very sensitive to sowing depth. Contractile roots were promptly reduced as sowing depth was increased and was disappeared when O. latifolia was sowed in 6 cm depth. The above results were indica- ted that 0. latfolia is a weed with high ecological adaptation to drought and deep burying.

关 键 词：宽叶酢浆草 繁殖 土壤湿度 播种深度 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]