同步辐射技术研究汞的环境健康效应与生态毒理  

Studies on the environmental health effects and ecotoxicology of mercury by synchrotron radiation-based techniques

作　　者：李玉锋[1,2,3] 赵甲亭 李云云[1,2,3] 徐小晗 崔丽巍[1,2,3] 张博闻[1,2,3] 单思雄 耿英伦 李军[4] 李柏[1,2,3] 高愈希[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院纳米生物效应与安全性重点实验室 [2]国家环境保护汞污染防治工程技术中心 [3]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049 [4]北京市十一学校,北京100039

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2015年第6期597-613,共17页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11205168;11375213;11475196);王宽诚教育基金会;中国科学院青年创新促进会资助

摘　　要：同步辐射光源具有高亮度、高准直、宽频谱等优异性能,基于同步辐射光源的X射线技术,在元素分析及物质原子或分子尺度的结构表征方面具有独特的优势.本文介绍了同步辐射技术,特别是X射线吸收谱(包括X射线吸收近边结构XANES与扩展X射线吸收精细结构EXAFS)、X射线荧光分析、X射线衍射技术、小角X射线散射技术及透射X射线显微成像技术等在汞的化学形态分析、汞的分布与转化及汞与有机质、蛋白质的相互作用等研究方面的应用,并展望了新一代同步辐射技术在汞的环境健康效应与生态毒理研究中更深入的应用.Synchrotron radiation has notable quality such as high brightness, high level of polarization, high collimation, high brilliance, high intensity and wide tunability in energy/wavelength. The application of synchrotron radiation based techniques in the speciation, distribution, transformation and interactions with organic matters and proteins of mercury to elucidate the environmental health effect and ecotoxicity of mercury are introduced in this paper. These techniques include X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectrometry, small angel X-ray scattering and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, etc. The future aspects of application of synchrotron radiation based techniques in the study on the environmental health effects and ecotoxicology of mercury are also described.

关 键 词：同步辐射技术 汞 环境健康 生态毒理 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] O614.243[理学—无机化学]