配合饲料投喂条件下日本新糠虾雌雄成体的营养成分比较  

The Comparision of Nutritional Composition between Males and Females of Adult Mysis Neomysis japonica under the Feeding Formulated Diets

作　　者：吴旭干[1] 李嘉尧[1] 侯文杰[2,3] 潘桂平[2,3] 成永旭[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海市水产研究所 [3]上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433 [4]上海海洋大学上海高校知识服务平台水产动物遗传育种中心,上海201306

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2015年第3期426-436,共11页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研项目(No.13231203504);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[农科攻字(2013)第6-3号)];国家863高技术研究发展计划项目(No.2012AA10A409)

摘　　要：为比较配合饲料投喂条件下日本新糠虾(Neomysis japonica)雌雄成体的营养组成差异,本研究采用养殖实验和生化分析方法,测定和比较了日本新糠虾雌雄成体的常规营养成分、脂类、脂肪酸和氨基酸含量,进一步探讨了日本新糠虾雌雄成体对配合饲料中多不饱和脂肪酸和必需氨基酸的相对保留率。结果显示:(1)饲料中的粗蛋白和粗脂肪分别为40.48%和9.82%,高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)含量和二十二碳六烯酸/二十碳五烯酸(DHA/EPA)的比值分别为27%和1.34,总氨基酸(TAA)和10种必需氨基酸(EAA)含量分别为38.80%和16.32%。(2)雄、雌成体的水分含量均在88%左右,雌体的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和甘油三酯含量均显著高于雄体,雄体的磷脂含量显著高于雌体。(3)除肉豆蔻酸和棕榈油酸(14:0和16:1n-7)外,雌雄成体的饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸组成接近,雄体的花生四烯酸(ARA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、总高不饱和脂肪酸(∑HUFA)以及DHA/EPA的比值显著高于雌体,雌体的亚油酸(LOA)、亚麻酸(LNA)和亚麻油酸(18:4n-3)含量高于雄体;雌体的异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸、半胱氨酸、天冬氨酸、丝氨酸和谷氨酸含量显著高于雄体,雄体牛磺酸的含量显著高于雌体,雌体的必需氨基酸和所有氨基酸总量显著高于雄体。(4)雌体的亚油酸和亚麻酸的相对保留率高于雄体,而雄体的花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸相对保留率高于雌体;雌雄成体对各种必需氨基酸的相对保留率接近。综上,日本新糠虾雌雄成体在粗蛋白、粗脂肪、甘油三酰、磷脂、部分脂肪酸和氨基酸含量及重要脂肪酸相对保留率上差异显著,这暗示雌雄成体的营养需求有所不同。Since the nutritional composition of adult Neomysis japonica could provide important information for evaluating its nutritional value and understanding the nutritional requirement of bloodstock, this study was therefore designed to investigate the proximate composition, lipid classes, fatty acid and amino acid composition in the adult males, females of mysis N. japonica, as well as their diets. Furthermore, the relative retention ratios（animal tissue contents/dietary contents） were further analyzed on the poly-unsaturated fatty acids（PUFA） and essential amino acids（EAA） for both males and females. Independent T-test was used to examine the differences between males and females, while P 〈 0.05 was regarded as the statistically significant differences. The results showed that,（1） the crude protein and crude lipid of the formulated diet were 40.48% and 9.82% respectively, while the content of high unsaturated fatty acid（HUFA） and docosahexaenoic acid / eicosapentaenoic acid（DHA/EPA） ratio were 27% and 1.34, respectively（Table 1）. The contents of total amino acids（TAA） and ten essential amino acids（EAA） were 38.80% and 16.32% respectively（Table 1）.（2） The moisture content was around 88% for both males and females, and no gender difference was found between them（Table 2）. However, the adult females had the significantly higher contents of crude protein, crude lipid and triglyceride than the adult males, while the males had the higher phospholipid levels than the females（Table 2）.（3） Except for 14：0 and 16：1n-7, the adult males and females had the similar compositions for the saturated fatty acids（SFA） and monounsaturated fatty acids（MUFA）（Table 3）. Among the PUFAs, the higher arachidonic acid（ARA）, EPA, DHA, ∑HUFA levels and the DHA/EPA ratio were observed in adult males, while the higher leinoleic acid（LOA）, α-linolenic acid（LNA） and 18：4n-3 levels were found in females（Table 3）. As for the amino acids, the females had the

关 键 词：日本新糠虾 成体 营养组成 性别差异 配合饲料 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]