茶树油粕粗提物对柑橘青绿霉病发生的抑制作用  

Inhibitory Effect of Crude Extract from Camellia semiserrata Chi Oil Residua on Citrus Blue and Green Molds Caused by Penicillium italicum and P. digitatum Respectively

作　　者：孟祥春[1] 毕方铖[1] 丁心 邓其海 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所,农业部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广州510640 [2]广东中兴绿丰发展有限公司,河源517000

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2015年第2期236-241,共6页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：广东省科技计划(2011A020202004,2013B050800015)

摘　　要：首先用乙醇提取得到茶树油粕粗提物,研究了粗提物对柑橘青霉和绿霉病原菌离体生长和活体致病的防控效果。离体抑菌试验表明,茶树油粕粗提物可显著抑制离体培养的青霉和绿霉病菌的生长,当提取物浓度为10 mg/m L以上时,对青霉菌和绿霉菌菌落生长的抑制率分别达100%和70%,而相同浓度茶皂素的抑制率仅有30%和58%;活体接种试验表明,茶树油粕粗提物可明显抑制青霉病病斑的扩展和贮藏过程中果实的发病率,而茶皂素对病斑扩展和果实发病率的控制没有明显作用。同未处理对照相比,50 mg/m L的粗提物对青霉病病斑扩展的抑制率达60%以上,将柠檬和砂糖橘果实贮藏过程中的发病率降低了25%~58%,而对果实的品质没有明显影响。本研究表明,茶树油粕粗提物对柑橘青绿霉病菌的离体和活体抑制效果显著优于茶皂素,暗示粗提物中含有除茶皂素之外的活性抑菌组分,有望开发成为防控柑橘采后病害的环境友好型的新型保鲜剂组分。Authors investigated the effects of the extract from Camellia semiserrata Chi oil residua with ethanol on development of citrus blue and green mold diseases caused by Penicillium italicum and P. digitatum. In vitro antimicrobial experiments revealed that the crude extract could inhibit the growth ofP. italicum and P. digitatum. Concentration at 10 mg/mL and above gave rise to 100% and 70% inhibition against P. italicum and P. digitatum, respectively, while tea saponin at the same concentration only 30% and 58%, respectively. Treatment with the crude extract of lemon and Shatang mandarin fruits inoculated by P. italicum suppressed blue mold disease lesion development and disease incidence. Compared to water control, the inhibited rate of lesion development was 60% and above, and disease incidence decreased by 25%-58% at 50 mg/mL extract. This research showed that the extract was much better than tea saponin in controlling P. italicum and P. digitatum growth and in vivo disease development, indicating other active antifungal components existing in the crude extract of Camellia semiserrata Chi oil residua.

关 键 词：茶树油粕 粗体物 青霉病 绿霉病 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]