考虑超车需求的交通流中观模型  

A Mesoscopic Traffic Flow Model Considering Overtaking Demand

作　　者：卢守峰[1] 王杰[1] 薛智规[2] 刘喜敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]长沙市公安局交通警察支队,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2015年第6期118-122,共5页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71071024);湖南省自然科学基金项目(12JJ2025);长沙市科技局重点项目(K1106004-11)

摘　　要：Prigogine-Herman交通流中观模型的超车概率公式仅是密度的函数,是线性的,没有考虑超车需求。利用期望速度对超车概率公式进行改进,提出了新的非线性超车概率公式,并建立了相应的交通流中观模型。改进的模型能够同时考虑车流密度和超车需求,更加真实地反映交通流运行。利用新模型对车流从高密度区向低密度区的扩散过程进行了模拟,分析了线性超车概率公式和Greenshields抛物线型超车概率公式的区别。结果表明:采用线性超车概率公式时速度分布演化较快,且全部集中在3个速度类;采用Greenshields抛物线型超车概率公式可以反映速度分布演化的过程,且速度分布收敛为6个速度类,更加符合实际。The overtaking probability formula in Prigogine - Herman traffic flow mesoscopic model is only the function of traffic density, which is a linear function and does not consider overtaking demand. We used desired speed to improve the overtaking probability formula, and put forward a new overtaking probability formula which is a nonlinear function, and established the corresponding traffic flow mesoscopic model. The improved model can simultaneously consider traffic density and overtaking demand, which reflects traffic flow operation more realistically. We used the proposed model to simulate the diffusion process of vehicles from a high density section to a low density one, and analyzed the difference between the linear overtaking probability formula and the Greenshields parabolic overtaking probability formula. The result shows that （ 1 ） the linear overtaking probability formula evolves speed distribution more quickly, which converges to 3 speed classes; （2） the Greenshields parabolic overtaking probability formula can reflect the evolution process of speed distribution, and the speed distribution converges to 6 speed classes, it is more reasonably.

关 键 词：交通工程 超车 气体动力学 期望速度 中观模型 交通流 

分 类 号：U491.112[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]