利用吉布斯吸附等温式探索求解电解质溶液活度的新方法  

New approach to calculate the activity coefficients of electrolyte solutions with Gibbs adsorption isotherm

作　　者：韩梅[1] 刘常青[1] 陈启元[1] 张平民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《化学研究》2015年第3期275-281,共7页Chemical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51134007);国家重点基础研究发展973计划(2014CB643401)

摘　　要：以吉布斯吸附等温式积分式为基础,数学推证表面势的表达式,并应用表面势的数学表达式探求了一种测算电解质溶液活度系数的新方法.选取KIM计算电解质溶液溶质的活度系数公式为新方法的活度系数经验关系式的具体表达形式,利用实验直接测得的不同浓度下的表面张力数据,采用最优化拟合的方法,求算出活度系数经验关系式中的待定系数,从而可以求得不同浓度下的电解质溶液中的溶质的活度系数和活度.计算结果与KIM文献值对比,活度系数曲线在不同的坐标尺度下有很好的一致性,这使得通过测定电解质溶液表面张力测算其活度成为可能.Gibbs adsorption isotherm provides the theoretical foundation for this new method to obtain the activity coefficients of electrolyte solutions. In this method, surface potential which is mathematically derived is implemented to estimate the activity coefficients of electrolyte so- lutions. Based on the equation of osmotic coefficients to calculate the activity coefficients gener- alized by KIM, a new method has been developed and demonstrated for the a with the optimization fitting which needs the surface tension of aqueous sol different concentrations scales, the curves of activity coefficients have shown with literature. Thus, it can be concluded that the new model provides a new late activity of electrolyte solutions by measuring the surface tension. ctivity coefficients ution. And at the a good agreement approach to calcu-late activity of electrolyte solutions by measuring the surface tension.

关 键 词：活度系数 吉布斯吸附等温式 表面张力 表面势 

分 类 号：O647.1[理学—物理化学]