天津市居民自我药疗现状及影响因素分析  

Influence factors of self-medication among residents in Tianjin

作　　者：刘彩[1] 何强[1] 王薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学管理学院公共事业管理教研室,天津300073

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2015年第6期739-742,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：天津市教委社会科学重大项目(2011ZD032)

摘　　要：目的了解天津市居民自我药疗现状及其影响因素,为采取相应措施提供参考。方法随机调查前往天津中医药大学第一附属医院和保康医院的就诊患者1 724例,采用有序结果变量回归方法分析居民自我药疗行为的影响因素。结果调查对象中,"从未"、"有时"和"经常"自我药疗行为者分别为208例(12.1%)、787例(45.6%)和729例(42.3%);Ordinal logistic分析显示:在其他条件相同的情况下,男性、少数民族、已婚、离婚及丧偶、大学及以上受教育程度、自感健康状况较好、未享有门诊特种病相关政策、对医保政策越了解者更易采取自我药疗行为;采取自我药疗女性是男性的1.367倍(OR=1.367),少数民族为汉族的2.054倍(OR=2.054),已婚和离婚及丧偶者分别是未婚者的1.472和2.002倍(OR=1.472,OR=2.002);大学及以上受教育程度者是小学及以下者的1.597倍(OR=1.597),自感健康好的居民是差的1.324倍(OR=1.324),未享有门特者是享有者的1.192倍(OR=1.192),对医保政策越了解者约是不了解者的1.618倍(OR=0.618)。结论开展药品健康教育活动,完善我国执业药师制度是促进合理自我药疗行为的重要举措。Objective To explore current situation and influence factors of self-medication among residents in Tianjin city and to provide evidences for relevant strategy-making. Methods Totally 1 724 residents who visited First Affiliated Hos- pital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Baokang Hospital were randomly investigated with a questionnaire. Ordinal regression was employed in data analyses. Results Among the respondents, the number of the persons of never, sometimes, and often having self-medication were 208 （ 12. 1% ） , 787 （ 45. 6 % ） , and 729 （ 42. 3 % ） , re- spectively. Ordinal logistic regression results showed that the respondents of male, the minority, married, divorced and windowed, with education of college or higher, with a better self-reported health status, without special outpatient service for severe disease, and having good understanding on medical insurance poficy were more likely to take self-medication, with the odds ratios of 1. 367 （ versus female）, 2. 054 （ versus Han nationality）, 1. 472 （ versus unmarried）, 2. 002 （ versus married） ,1. 597（versus education of primary school or lower）, 1. 324 （versus with bad self-reported health status）, 1. 192（versus with special outpatient service）, and 1.618 （versus lacking good understanding on medical insurance policy）, respectively. Conclusion Health education on medicine and improved system of licensed pharmacists are im- portant measures for the promotion of appropriate self-medication in the residents.

关 键 词：自我药疗 医疗保险 健康教育 有序结果变量回归 

分 类 号：R161[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]