百菌清对土壤微生物特性和水稻生物量的影响  

Effects of chlorothalonil application on soil microbial properties and biomass of Oryza sativa L.

作　　者：昝树婷[1] 杨如意[1] 李静[1] 苏楠楠[1] 周刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2015年第3期42-45,50,共5页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(41001368)

摘　　要：农药是集约化农业保证农产品产量的重要因素之一,但不合理的施用方法会导致农药残留、土壤结构破坏和土壤微生物特性改变等一系列问题。许多研究发现,百菌清对作物和土壤微生物具有一定的毒害和抑制作用。通过温室试验探讨了百菌清不同施用量对土壤微生物生物量、呼吸强度、代谢熵和脱氢酶活性的影响,并测定了水稻生物量。结果表明,虽然微生物数量没有明显变化,但其活力受到显著抑制,且施用剂量越高抑制越明显。试验后期脱氢酶活性逐渐增加,但仍然低于对照。虽然,百菌清没有造成水稻生物量下降,但由于研究属于短期试验,且只施用了1次百菌清,因此其环境生态学影响有可能被低估。Pesticides are essential to ensure the production of intensive agriculture, however, inappropriate use can result in severe consequences including pesticide residue, deconstruction of soil texture and changes of microbial properties. Many studies found that chlorothalonil showed adverse effects on crops and soil microbes. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to investigate the effects of different chlorothalonil dosages on microbial biomass carbon （MBC）, basal respiration, metabolic quotient, dehydrogenase activity （DHA） and biomass of Oryza sativa L. The results indicated that chlorothalonil did not reduce MBC but showed a dosage dependent suppression on microbial metabolic activities. DHA tended to increase over time but still lower than the control. Although, chlorotha-lonil did not decrease the biomass of O. sativa but its environmental and ecological effects should not be underestimated as this was a short-term experiment with one-time application.

关 键 词：百菌清 基础呼吸 微生物生物量 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学] X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]