河北省571例狂犬病病例个案调查分析  

Survey and analysis on 571 cases of rabies in Hebei Province

作　　者：魏亚梅 韩旭[1] 张艳波[1] 韩占英[1] 韩光跃[1] 齐顺祥[1] 李琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2015年第7期823-825,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20100222)

摘　　要：目的分析河北省571例狂犬病病例个案资料,探讨狂犬病防治中存在的问题,为河北省狂犬病防制提供依据。方法采用描述性研究方法对河北省571例狂犬病病例个案资料进行分析。结果全年各月均有病例报告,以4-10月份较多,占70.71%;男性多于女性,男女比例为2.68：1;职业以农民为主,占81.96%;41～60岁年龄组发病最多,占45.69%。92.12%的病人通过犬感染,潜伏期中位数为67d。受伤部位以手部为主,占35.90%。暴露部位越靠近头颈部,潜伏期越短。仅44.31%的病例暴露伤口进行了处理。接种狂犬疫苗的病例占28.55%;注射狂犬病人免疫球蛋白的病例占Ⅲ级暴露人数的21.09%。结论河北省犬仍是狂犬病的主要传染源,加强犬类管理,加大宣传、及时就地规范处理暴露伤口和接种疫苗是防制狂犬病的有效措施。Objective To analyze the data about 571 cases of rabies in Hebei Province, to explore the problems existing in prevention and treatment of rabies so as to provide a basis for its prevention and control of rabies in Hebei Province. Methods The descriptive study method was used to analyze the data regarding 571 cases of rabies in Hebei Province in 2008 - 2013. Re- suits There were rabies cases reported in each month during the years of 2008 - 2013, and most of the cases occurred from April to October, accounting for 70, 71%. Male patients were more than the females, with the sex ratio of 2.68：1. Most of the patients were farmers, accounting for 81.96%. The majority of the patients were 41 to 60 years of age, accounting for 45.69%. 92.12% of the patients were infected through dogs, and the median of latent period was 67 days. The injury sites were mainly located in hands, accounting for 35.90%. The nearer the exlx～are sites to head and neck position, the shorter the latent period. Only 44.31% of the patients treated the exposure wounds, 28.55% of the patients were inoculated with rabies vaccine, and only 21.09% of the patients with exposure degree III were injectecl with human rabies immunoglobulin （HRIG）. Conclusions Dogs are still the major animal responsible for the disease in Hebei Province. Intensifying the management of dogs, strengthening the related propaganda, timely and standardizedly managing the exposure wound and inoculating rabies vac- cine are the effective measures for preventing and controlling rabies.

关 键 词：狂犬病 个案调查 分析 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学]