不同水分条件下巴音布鲁克天鹅湖高寒湿地夏季N_2O日排放特征  

Daily Characteristics of Summer N_2O Emission under Different Water Conditions at Bayinbuluke Swan Lake Alpine Wetland

作　　者：胡保安[1] 贾宏涛[1,2] 朱新萍[1,2] 蒋平安[1,2] 杨磊[1] 胡毅[1] 王宁宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2015年第5期811-817,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：新疆自然科学基金项目(2013211B17)

摘　　要：在气候变暖背景下温室气体排放特征的研究已成为全球变化的研究热点之一,而湿地生态系统与温室气体排放有着密切的关系。湿地N2O排放对水分变化的响应机制研究对干旱区高寒湿地的科学管理具有重要意义。以新疆天山中部巴音布鲁克天鹅湖高寒湿地为研究区,采用静态箱-气相色谱法,对处于不同水分条件下高寒湿地生态系统N2O排放特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)常年积水区、季节性积水区、常年干燥区生态系统N2O的日平均排放通量分别为1.27、0.99、0.98μg·m-2·h-1。生态系统日N2O累积排放量分别为常年积水区30.61μg·m-2、季节性积水区23.97μg·m-2、常年干燥区23.08μg·m-2。(2)季节性积水区生态系统N2O排放日变化表现为3峰曲线,其峰值分别出现在2:00(1.30μg·m-2·h-1)、11:00(1.28μg·m-2·h-1)和21:00(1.66μg·m-2·h-1),而常年干燥区生态系统N2O排放日变化表现为双峰曲线,峰值分别出现在9:00(1.40μg·m-2·h-1)和17:00(1.42μg·m-2·h-1)。(3)环境因素显著影响着湿地生态系统N2O排放,地表植被活体生物量与生态系统N2O累积排放量呈现显著正相关性,在常年积水区地下10 cm土壤温度与生态系统N2O排放通量相关性达到显著水平(F=8.326,P=0.018),在季节性积水区土壤含水量与生态系统N2O排放通量有显著相关性(F=4.787,P=0.043)。Characteristics of greenhouse gas emission had became the focus of global change study under the background of climate warming, and the wetland ecosystem and greenhouse gas emissions are closely related. Understanding the effect of water change on the dynamics of wetland N2O emissions is important for the scientific management of alpine wetland in arid area.Taking the alpine wetland at Swan Lake of Bayinbuluke in the middle Tianshan Mountain as a study area, the emission characteristics of N2O was measured under different water conditions at alpine wetland ecosystems using the method of static steel chambers and gas chromatography. Results showed that: (1) The average daily emissions of N2O at perennial seeper area, seasonal water area and perennial dry area were 1.27, 0.99, and 0.98 μg·m-2·h-1, respectively, while the cumulative daily emissions of N2O at perennial seeper area, seasonal water area and perennial dry area were 30.61, 23.97 and 23.08 μg·m-2, respectively. (2) The curve of N2O daily emissions in seasonal water area had three peaks, which occurred at 2:00 (1.30 μg·m-2·h-1), 11:00 (1.28 μg·m-2·h-1), and 21:00 (1.66 μg·m-2·h-1), while the curve of N2O daily emissions in perennial dry area peaked at 9:00 (1.40 μg·m-2·h-1) and 17:00 (1.42 μg·m-2·h-1). (3) Environmental factors had significant effect on N2O emissions in wetland ecosystems. There is a significant positive correlation between the soil N2O cumulative emissions and vegetation living biomass at all areas. The significant correlation between N2O emissions and soil temperature of underground 10 cm was only found at perennial seeper area (P=0.018), while the correlation between N2O emissions and soil water content was significant (P=0.043) only at seasonal water area.

关 键 词：高寒湿地 土壤 N2O 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]