红肉火龙果气生根染色体制片优化及核型分析  

Optimizating of Aerial Root Chromosome Preparation Technology and Karyotype Analysis of Red Pitaya(Hylocereus polyrhizus)

作　　者：刘顺枝[1] 周浩彬 林润怡 覃希[1] 王玉林[1] 胡位荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学生命科学学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《北方园艺》2015年第12期71-76,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：广州市科技计划资助项目(2014J4100143);广州市属高校科研计划资助项目(2012A047);广东省高等院校学科建设专项资助项目(粤财教(2008)342)

摘　　要：以红肉火龙果的气生根为试材,研究气生根长度、采样时间、预处理方法、解离时间和染色方法等对红肉火龙果气生根根尖细胞染色体制片效果的影响,以优化的制片技术制片并进行核型分析。结果表明:10:30时段取长度5mm以下的幼嫩气生根,用0.1%秋水仙素常温预处理2h,应用双低渗法使染色体分散,常温下1mol/L HCl解离50min或60℃下解离20min,20%改良苯酚-品红染色液染色20min,可以得到最佳的制片效果,用中性树脂制成永久装片。染色体核型分析表明,红肉火龙果的染色体数目为11对,最长染色体/最短染色体为1.63,核型公式为2n=2x=22=22m,核型不对称系数为54.29%,核型属1A类型。Taking aerial root tips of red pitaya（Hylocereus polyrhizus） as material for chromosome preparation, the effect of root length, sampling time, permanent, dissociation time and staining on cytological observation were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum chromosome preparation was achieved with collecting root tips at 10：30 AM, root length within 5 mm, pretreated for 2 hours in 0. 1~ colchicine at room temperature, spreading chromosomes by double-hypotonic treatment,dissociation with 1 mol/L HCI for 50 minutes at room temperature or 20 minutes at 60＊（2 ,and stained with 20~ modified carbol fuchsin dyeing. The permanent slides could be made by the neutral resin. The karyotype analysis indicated that red pitaya is diploid（2n=2x=22） ,and the ratio of the longest chromosome to the shortest one was 1.63,so that the karyotype formula of red pitaya was 2n = 22m, belonging to 1A karyotype. The karyotype asymmetrical coefficient was 54. 29~.

关 键 词：红肉火龙果 气生根 染色体 制片技术 核型分析 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]