新型反光材料特卫强对红富士葡萄果实着色及品质形成的影响  

Effects of new reflective material on the berry quality and coloring of Benni Fuji grapes

作　　者：唐晓松[1] 曹丽春[1] 张旭[1] 李艳美[1] 马会勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2015年第3期51-58,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：中国农业大学与杜邦公司合作项目

摘　　要：以设施栽培的红富士葡萄为试材,研究铺设0.75和1.00m幅宽的特卫强对设施内小环境及葡萄果实品质的影响。结果表明,设施内铺设特卫强显著提高了树冠中下层的光照强度,降低了夏季土壤温度。其中,铺设0.75和1.00m幅宽特卫强,距离地面60～140cm冠层处的光照反射率分别为对照的2～3和3～4倍;浆果成熟期,5～25cm土层的日均温度降低了1.2～2.3℃。铺设特卫强在加快葡萄成熟的同时,提高了果实内在品质并促进果皮着色,从而显著提高了消费者对葡萄的综合评价,增强了消费者对红富士葡萄果实的喜好程度。本研究还表明,铺设1.0m幅宽的特卫强对红富士葡萄的作用效果更明显;设施内要保证红富士着色率达到60%以上,应使667m2产量不超过1 375kg。The Benni Fuji grape cultivated in greenhouse was used as a material for estimating the effect of two different widths of Tyvek （0.75 and 1.00 m） on the quality of fruits. The microclimate was also measured. The results showed that light intensity significantly increased in the low and middle part of canopy due to laying Tyvek. Soil temperature decreased in summer as well. The reflectance rate of the canopy 60 - 140 cm from the ground at that of laying 0.75 and 1.00 m wide Tyvek was 2 to 3 times and 3 to 4 times higher than those of control, respectively. The average temperature of the soils at 5 to 25 cm decreased by 1.2 -2.3 ℃ in berry veraison,compared with control. Tyvek laying shortened maturity while improving the intrinsic quality of the fruit and fruit coloring. It was evident that Tyvek significantly improved the overall evaluation of consumer grape. Tyvek also raised consumers~ acceptance for grape. This study also showed that laying 1.0 m wide Tyvek could more dramatically improve fruit quality. The load capacity should keep below 1 375/667 m2 if fruit coloring ratio was above 60%.

关 键 词：特卫强 红富士葡萄 反射光 果实品质 可溶性固形物 花色素 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]