基于能值分析的设施葡萄生产系统可持续评价  

Emergy-based sustainability assessment for protected grape cultivation system

作　　者：冯建英[1] 穆维松[1] 田东[1] 傅泽田[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2015年第3期223-230,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50841101573);国家葡萄产业技术体系(CARS-30)

摘　　要：为全面评价设施葡萄生产系统的经济效益、生态效益和可持续发展水平,利用能值分析方法,基于大量统计数据和调研数据,以露地栽培作为对照,对设施葡萄栽培系统的能值消耗总量、结构和主要能值分析指标进行了研究。结果表明:1)设施葡萄生产系统的能值投入总量为5.32×1016 sej/(hm2·a),高于露地栽培;2)设施和露地这2种葡萄生产系统的能值消耗均以不可更新购入能值为主,且对购入能值的依赖强于自然资源能值,对不可更新资源能值的依赖强于可更新资源能值;3)与露地栽培相比,设施葡萄生产系统的能值自给率和产出率偏低,能值投资率和环境负载率偏高,可持续发展能力降低。设施葡萄生产系统的环境负载较高,应降低购入性能值消耗、改进系统内部资源反馈效率,以提高系统的可持续性水平。In order to assess the economic benefit,ecological benefit and sustainability in protected grape cultivation system,a methodology of emergy analysis was adopted to research the emergy accounting, emergy structure and emergy-based indicators for protected viticulture system. The data was acquired through statistical data and field investigation,and the open-field viticulture system was chosen to conduct the comparative study. The results indicate that the total emergy input in protected grape cultivation is 5.32 × 1016 sej/（hm^2 · a）, which is higher than the open- field system. The emergy consumption in both grape production systems are characterized by more heavily dependent on the purchased emergy and nonrenewable resource emergy. Compared to the open-field cultivation, the protected grape system has lower emergy self-sufficiency rate and emergy yield ratio, higher emergy investment rate and environmental loading ratio, and lower emergy sustainability index. The environmental Ioding in protected grape cultivation system is relative higher; it should reduce the purchased emergy and increase the feedback efficiency of internal resources,so as to improve the sustainability of the system.

关 键 词：能值分析 可持续评价 设施葡萄 农业生产系统 

分 类 号：S628[农业科学—园艺学] X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]