甲基苯丙胺依赖者躯体脱毒后慢性渴求及其相关因素分析  

SURVEY ON CHRONIC CRAVING AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG METHAMPHETAMINE ADDICTS AFTER PHYSICAL DETOXIFICATION

作　　者：杨龙雨[1] 张辉[1] 曾军莉 李享卉 鄢栋 李江[1] 滕世伟[1] 吴清锋[1] 余金聪[1] 王增珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,武汉430030 [2]武汉市女子强制隔离戒毒所,武汉430024 [3]武汉市何湾强制隔离戒毒所,武汉430024

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2015年第3期218-223,共6页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81273152)

摘　　要：目的:了解甲基苯丙胺依赖者在躯体脱毒后对毒品的慢性渴求状况及其相关因素。方法:采用戒毒者线索敏感问卷、强迫性毒品使用量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表及贝克抑郁自评量表及自制人口学调查表,对武汉市两所强制戒毒所躯体脱毒3个月以上的134名甲基苯丙胺依赖者进行调查。结果:所调查的甲基苯丙胺依赖者强迫性毒品使用量表平均得分为(35.90±7.54)。53.7%的依赖者存在焦虑,67.9%存在抑郁。对慢性渴求的相关因素进行单因素分析结果显示文化程度、吸毒年限、平均每次毒品用量、毒品相关线索敏感、焦虑、抑郁状况与慢性渴求程度有关(P<0.01)。多因素分析提示在去除混杂后,平均每次毒品使用量、焦虑状况和毒品相关线索敏感与慢性渴求存在线性相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:甲基苯丙胺依赖者在躯体脱毒后一段时间内依然存在较普遍的焦虑、抑郁及对吸毒相关情景敏感,这些因素都与慢性渴求有关。在新型毒品依赖者常规戒毒教育中,应将吸毒史长、用量大、存在焦虑和抑郁等不良情绪及对毒品线索敏感的依赖者作为心理康复和预防复吸的重点关注对象。Objective：To investigate the status and related factors of chronic craving among methamphetamine addicts after physical detoxification. Methods：A total of 134 methamphetamine addicts in two compulsory rehabilitation centers was selected and investigated by random sampling. The Drug Abstainers＇ Cue -Sensitization Questionnaire, the Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale （OCDUS）, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）, Beck Depression Inventory- II （BDI） and Self- developed demographic questionnaire were adopted to fulfill the survey. Resu/ts：The average score of OCDUS was （35.90 ± s7.54）, and 53.7% of the addicts were anxious and 67.9% had depressive symptoms. Univariate analysis of related factors showed that educational background, duration of drug use, dosage,correlation with chronic craving after the removal of confounding （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion： Negative sentiments such as anxiety, depression and sensitivity may still exist even after a period of physical

关 键 词：甲基苯丙胺依赖者 慢性渴求 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R749.61[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]