华南地区6种乡土树种凋落物持水特性研究  

Water Holding Characteristics of Litter of Six Native Trees in South China

作　　者：李伟 张翠萍[1] 杨鑫钰 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学园林与林学院,山东青岛266100 [2]河北隆化县林业局,河北承德068150

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第16期26-31,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：青岛农业大学博士启动基金"崂山物种多样性及其环境关系研究"(6631341)

摘　　要：为了全面了解华南地区典型乡土树种的生态水文效应,以该地区的米老排(Mytilaria laosensis)、马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)、樟树(Cinnanomum camphora)、红椎(Castanopsis hystrix)和火力楠(Michelia macclurei)6种乡土树种为研究对象,分别测定其凋落物的储量、持水量、持水率和吸水速率。采用野外定位采样与内业相结合的办法,对6种乡土树种凋落物储量与持水量进行定量表达。结果表明,林龄相近的6种乡土树种凋落物储量大小为,米老排(2.220×103kg/hm2)>火力楠(2.105×103kg/hm2)>樟树(2.051×103kg/hm2)>红椎(1.434×103kg/hm2)>杉木(1.225×103kg/hm2)>马尾松(0.898×103kg/hm2);凋落物的持水量呈现米老排>火力楠>红椎>樟树>杉木>马尾松;米老排、火力楠、樟树、红椎、杉木和马尾松的凋落物最大持水率依次为458%、403%、408%、404%、351%、280%;凋落物的持水量和持水率随浸泡时间增加而增加,与浸泡时间呈对数关系,吸水速率与浸泡时间呈幂函数关系。该研究为系统评价华南地区典型乡土树种的生态水文特征奠定了基础。Mytilaria laosensis,Pinus massoniana,Cunninghamia lanceolata,Cinnanomum camphora,Castanopsis hystrix and Michelia macclurei were used to study the litter storage,water holding capacity,waterholding rate and water absorption rate,in order to understand the ecohydrological characteristics of the sixtypical native trees in southern China comprehensively.Field sampling and laboratory analysis were conductedto express the litter storage and water holding capacity of these trees quantitatively.The result showed that thelitter storage in the six similar aged native trees decreased in order of M.laosensis（2.220×10^3kg/hm^2）〉M.macclurei（2.105×10^3kg/hm^2）〉C.camphora（2.051×10^3kg/hm^2）〉C.hystrix（1.434×10^3kg/hm^2）〉C.lanceolata（1.225×10^3kg/hm^2）〉P.massoniana（0.898×10^3kg/hm^2）.The order of total water holding capacity of litter was M.laosensis〉M.macclurei〉C.hystrix〉C.camphora〉C.lanceolata〉P.massoniana.The water holdingcapacity of the litter in M.laosensis,M.macclurei,C.hystrix,C.camphora,C.lanceolata,P.massoniana sixnative trees was 458%,403%,408%,404%,351%,280%,respectively.The water holding capacity and waterholding rate of the litter increased with the soaking time,exhibiting a logarithmical relationship,while a powerfunction presented the relationship between the water absorption rate and the soaking time.Our studyestablished the foundation of evaluating the ecohydrological characteristics of the native trees in south China.

关 键 词：乡土树种 凋落物 持水量 持水率 吸水速率 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]