小提琴弓弦系统的振动形态及振动机理研究  

Research on vibration state and mechanism of violin string

作　　者：张承忠[1,2] 叶邦彦[1] 梁立东[1] 胡习之[1] 赵学智[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640 [2]华南师范大学软件学院,广东佛山528225

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2015年第3期359-365,共7页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375178)

摘　　要：小提琴弓弦系统的振动机理非常复杂。通过分析传统弓弦黏滑摩擦振动模型和弦振动现代理论模型以及弦振动形态实验,提出了基于能量状态变换的单摆摩擦振动模型。该模型考虑了振动系统的能量状态变化,并对振动周期给出限制,从而较好体现了小提琴琴弦的振动行为。设计了基于高速摄影的非接触式光学测量系统。通过实验,测量了拨弦和拉弦两种不同机制的弦振动状态参数,特别对弦上各点的振动位移和周期、相位变化、弦振动的瞬态和包络状态等进行了实验测量和理论分析,从而探明了小提琴弓弦之间摩擦振动的状况和特性。The mechanism of bow-string vibrating system of violins has been awaysa complicated problem. Through the analysis of the classical stick-slip friction string vibration model and the modern theory of string vibration respectively, as well as the experiment results of string vibration state, anequivalent pendulum friction model based on energy state changing is proposed. The model takes into account the changing of energy state of vibrating system, and set restrictions for the vibrating period. As a result, the vibration behavior of violin string is well reflected. In this paper, a non-contact optical measurement system based on high-speed photography is designed. In the experiment, the state parameters of string vibration for the mechanisms of plucked and bowed string are investigated respectviely. Experimental measurement and theoretical analysis are carried out in particular for the vibrating displacement and period of points on the string, as well as the phase change, transient string vibration state and the envelope of string vibration, whichleads to a better understanding of the friction vibration state and characteristics of violin string.

关 键 词：亥姆霍兹运动 粘滑摩擦 小提琴弓弦振动机理 自激振动 高速摄影 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统] TH165.3[电子电信—信息与通信工程]