多跨转子系统耦合故障定量诊断方法  

Quantitative coupling fault diagnosis method of multi-span rotor based on harmonic components

作　　者：许琦[1] 吴昊[1] 赵立超 姚红良[1] 闻邦椿[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]沈阳鼓风机集团安装检修配件有限公司技术工程部,辽宁沈阳110869

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2015年第3期495-502,共8页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB706504);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51005042);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(N100403005)

摘　　要：以有限元理论和谐波平衡理论为基础分析多跨转子系统的动态特性并提出多跨转子系统耦合故障定量诊断方法。利用故障前后转子系统的振动响应,各次谐波分量与系统剩余量方程的频率响应矩阵之间的关系推导诊断理论并获得诊断方程,以转-定子碰摩和联轴器不对中耦合故障为例建立多跨转子系统和实验台转子系统的有限元模型,通过数值仿真和转子实验台实验准确地诊断出故障位置,验证方法的有效性和稳健性。通过同一转速下故障前后转子系统至少n+1个测点的振动响应数据可以在线确定具有n个耦合故障转子系统的故障位置。对于转子系统的主要振动故障,如碰摩、不对中、裂纹等,诊断方法具有良好的适用性。A model based method for online quantitative multi-fault diagnosis of multi-span rotor system is presented. Based on finite element method and harmonic balance theory, the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system are analyzed, and the rela-tionship between the harmonic components of vibration responses and the frequency response matrix of residual equation in the fault rotor system is used to derive diagnosis theory and equation. The finite element model of a multi-span rotor system with rub-impacts and coupling misalignment faults is established. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulation and then by test rig experiment. The advantage of the proposed method is that n fault locations can be detected on line by using at least vibration response data on n＋1 nodes of rotor system before and after faults occur at the same rotating speed, and also the method has a good applicability for detecting the main vibration faults in rotor system such as rub-impact, misalignment and cracks.

关 键 词：故障诊断 多跨转子系统 耦合故障 谐波分量 剩余量方程 

分 类 号：TH165.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TK267[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]