全球化背景下西南边疆民族地区橡胶文化景观的兴起——以西双版纳地区为例  

Rising of Rubber Culture Landscapes in Southeast Frontier Ethnic Regions of China under the Background of Globalization:A Case Study of Xishuangbanna

作　　者：许斌[1,2] 周智生[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,昆明650092 [2]广西大学艺术学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《热带地理》2015年第4期549-560,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然基金"云南山地族群社会共生系统形成机理研究"(41161027);云南省哲学社会科学项目"云南民族地区民间互助组织与乡村社区经济发展研究"(QN201119)

摘　　要：文章选取西双版纳全州作为大研究区,其所辖的基诺山区为具体调查点,点面结合,采用RS遥感、GIS技术、参与性农村访谈(PRA)和田野调查等研究方法,分析了西双版纳橡胶文化景观兴起的空间格局演变和过程及其对民族关系的影响。研究表明,受全球化的影响,西双版纳地区传统稻作文化正逐渐式微,因经济利益驱动,橡胶林种植面积的急剧扩大和土地利用方式的改变是橡胶文化景观兴起的主要空间机制;橡胶文化在给当地少数民族带来丰厚经济收入和促进现代化发展的同时也造成了其生态多样性的破坏,民族发展风险性的增加,民族发展互补性的减少,民族经济共生关系的打破,民族感情和民族认同让位于经济利益,民族乡土社会结构受到冲击等不利于民族关系发展的影响。The change of the agricultural culture landscapes and its influence in Southwest frontier ethnic regions has attracted much attention from the related academic circle. This paper researches the spatial pattern and process of rubber culture landscapes, as well as the rise of the landscapes and its influence on ethnic groups＇ relationship. Xishuangbanna is selected to be the research region, where Jinuo Mountain area is chosen as the site for fieldwork. The research results indicate that the rice culture is weakening and rubber cultural landscapes are rising in Xishuangbanna, as rubber planting areas are enlarging sharply and land use patterns are changing. The rubber culture can increase local farmer＇s incomes, but it also brings about a lot of negative influences on ecological environment and social development, such as damaging the ecological diversity, increasing the risk for ethnic development, reducing the ethnic complementarity, breaking the symbiosis relation of ethnic economy, impacting the ethnic rural society structure, and making the ethnic emotions and national identity give place to economic benefits.

关 键 词：民族地区 橡胶文化景观 全球化 共生 西双版纳 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]