抗癫痫药物在儿童多发性抽动症治疗中的研究进展  

Research progress on antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of Tourette′s syndrome in children

作　　者：杨春松[1,2] 张伶俐[3,1] 黄红[3,1] 朱彩蓉[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室,610041 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院,610041 [3]四川大学华西第二医院药学部循证药学中心,610041

出　　处：《中华妇幼临床医学杂志（电子版）》2015年第3期111-114,共4页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81373381)~~

摘　　要：多发性抽动症(TS)系儿童期发作的神经精神疾病,临床主要表现为反复发作的不自主多部位运动抽动、发声抽动。目前常用治疗药物包括典型抗精神病药物、苯甲酰胺类、非典型抗精神病药物和α2肾上腺素能受体激动剂。然而,药物所致常见不良反应限制其使用,所以寻找新的替代治疗方案亟待解决。研究结果显示,抗癫痫药物(AED)具有控制抽动的疗效。托吡酯治疗TS的前景较好,但托吡酯所致不良反应尚未明确;左乙拉西坦治疗TS的疗效仍具有争议;而现有证据仍不足以推荐丙戊酸在TS患儿中应用。未来研究需进一步确认AED无论作为单药治疗或添加治疗儿童TS是否能有效控制抽动,故仍有待高质量的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照临床试验以验证AED治疗TS的有效性和安全性。笔者拟就托吡酯、左乙拉西坦、丙戊酸及氯硝西泮治疗儿童TS的研究进展进行综述。Tourette syndrome（TS）is a common childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder,which is characterized by repeated episodes of involuntary multiple motor and phonic tics.The most commonly prescribed drugs are typical antipsychotics,benzamides,atypical antipsychotics andα2adrenoceptor agonist for patients with TS.However,drugs are limited due to the frequent occurrence of adverse events.The current studies showed antiepileptic drugs（AED）were effective for control tics.For example,topiramate is apotential drug,but the side effects were unclear,and levetiracetam could not be recommend as the rational use of valproic acid for children with TS.Future research needs to confirm AED either as monotherapy or add-on therapy which is effective on the control of tic.

关 键 词：多发性抽动症 抗惊厥药 循证医学 儿童 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]